Aug 2026· Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences (JMAPS)· Vol 47, pp. 178-185· 0 citations
TL;DR
A comprehensive review of the different environmental interactions, productivity, and carbon sequestration in aromatic grass biomass that can potentially contribute to the socio-economic enhancement of India and mitigate the present scenario of global warming is done.
Abstract
Cymbopogon species are known for their characteristic aroma and grow in different regions of the world. In India, 45 species are being grown for producing lemongrass essential oil (EO). Globally, grasslands are among the most widely distributed terrestrial biomes, including all herbaceous vegetation, and Cymbopogon types (low hills) are one of them. This review addresses the different physiological trait variations for adaptations influenced by climatic factors and the rate of biomass accumulation and carbon sequestration, EO yield, quality, and chemical compositions. EO extracted from different Cymbopogon species used in managing stored grain pests and pathogens to decrease the harmful effects and risk of synthetic insecticides on human beings and their surroundings is also reviewed. Previous studies on Cymbopogon species had primarily focused on pharmaceutical applications, cosmetics, aromatherapy, food preservation, and agriculture. Thus, the comprehensive review is done to understand the different environmental interactions, productivity, and carbon sequestration in aromatic grass biomass that can potentially contribute to the socio-economic. Enhancement of our nation and mitigate the present scenario of global warming, as well as aromatic grass as potent biopesticides to overcome the post-harvest lost in the world.
Keywords: Biomass, Carbon sequestration, Cymbopogon stability analysis, Environmental factors, EOs, Pathogens, Pests
This review compiles and synthesizes information on the morphological, anatomical, phytochemical, physical, and mechanical properties of the species, as well as its reproductive biology, propagation techniques, agroforestry applications, carbon sequestration potential, and genomics, to support the sustainable utilization and long-term conservation of D. strictus.
C. D. Sreedevi, D. James, V. Sreekumar et al.· Frontiers in Ecology and Evo...· 0 citations
The objective was to characterize the species’ biotechnological potential and its phenotypes, with an emphasis on the morphophysiology and biochemistry of fruits, seeds, and germination, as well as the antioxidant activity of the leaf essential oil.
Penggaron Forest possesses high biodiversity; however, information regarding the interconnectedness between Araceae diversity, phytochemical constituents, and their potential utilization as a source of traditional medicine within the framework of ecosystem conservation remains highly limited. This study aims to fill this gap by documenting Araceae diversity, analyzing phytochemical constituents, and evaluating their ecological roles along with their utilization by local communities. This objective was achieved through an integrated approach that synthesizes taxonomic inventory, laboratory screening, and the exploration of traditional knowledge to map the potential of this aroid group within bioresource-based conservation programs. The methods employed include plant sampling, species identification, phytochemical analysis, and interviews with the local community. A total of ten Araceae species were successfully identified. Laboratory analyses confirmed a universal accumulation of primary bioactive compounds, namely alkaloids and flavonoids, across all tested species specimens. Furthermore, variations in the distribution of supporting secondary metabolites—including tannins, saponins, phenolics, and terpenoids—were detected, which biochemically exhibit strong potentials as natural anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant agents. Several species also contribute to ecosystem conservation through erosion control, microhabitat provisioning, and maintaining soil stability. Ethnobotanically, a distinct knowledge gap persists among the local community, whose utilization remains lopsidedly focused on external ornamental plant trading and rudimentary food preparation, completely leaving the therapeutic values of local wild aroids unrecognized. These findings demonstrate that the Araceae group in Penggaron Forest possesses strategic potential as a source of alternative biopharmaceuticals while simultaneously serving as a sensitive bioindicator to support understory biodiversity preservation, thereby warranting further development as a sustainable biological resource asset.
B. F. Wahidah, Fadly Husain, Rizkiati Khasanah· Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan· 0 citations
This research investigates the biological, chemical, and agro-climatic characteristics of the saffron plant (Crocus sativus L.) in the conditions of Azerbaijan. It was determined that saffron, in addition to being a vegetatively propagated plant of high economic value, is also widely used in both food and medical fields thanks to its bioactive compounds, such as crocetin, picrocrocin, and safranal. In the Nakhchivan region, certain species are found in the wild and are commonly known as ‘sarychichek’ or ‘chagalagül’. Certain representatives of these species, found in the mountainous areas of the region, are used in traditional medicine for various ailments, including kidney disorders, gynaecological problems, inflammation of the lymphatic vessels (lymphangitis), and skin infections (furunculosis). Research has shown that Nakhchivan's arid and sunny climate, and its light, well-drained soils, create optimal conditions for saffron's development. Mild temperatures, particularly during the autumn months, extend the flowering period, positively affecting both yield and the quality of the stigmas. At the same time, the proper application of agronomic measures, such as sowing depth, irrigation regime, and the regular renewal of corms, plays a crucial role in maintaining yields. Research also shows that the quality characteristics of saffron vary depending on the cultivation conditions. Furthermore, the slow rate of vegetative propagation and a low level of mechanisation have been identified as the main factors hindering the expansion of production. In the Nakhchivan region, sufficient corm reserves have not been established for the commercial cultivation of saffron. For this reason, there remains a need to secure planting material (corms) from external sources to expand production. The saffron plant is propagated by corms, not by seeds. These bulbs are planted in the ground and bloom in the autumn, typically between October and November. Inside each flower are three slender, deep-red stigmas, and it is this part that is dried to form saffron, one of the most expensive spices in the world. The correct assessment of agro-climatic factors, the application of modern biotechnological approaches, and the use of scientifically-based agronomic methods are considered a promising direction for increasing the yield and quality of saffron.
A. Bakhshaliyeva, A. Ibrahimova· Bulletin of Science and Prac...· 0 citations
Endophytic fungi are crucial for plant health, but the relative importance of climate versus host factors in shaping their communities is not fully understood. This study investigates the hypothesis that macro-climate is one of the primary drivers of endophytic fungal diversity and composition in Eucalyptus camaldulensis across different regions in Iran. A total of 712 fungal isolates were isolated from leaves, branches, and fruits across five provinces (Alborz, Isfahan, Mazandaran, Qom, and Tehran) spanning arid to humid climates. Cultivation and morphological/molecular identification revealed a clear diversity gradient, with the highest species richness, Shannon diversity, and colonization frequency in the humid province of Mazandaran, and the lowest in the semi-arid and arid provinces of Alborz and Qom, respectively. Community composition shifted significantly along this climatic gradient: arid sites were dominated by stress-tolerant generalists (e.g., Alternaria), while the humid site supported a balanced community of specialists (e.g., Neofusicoccum). Across all climates, tissue type was a consistent secondary filter, with leaves harboring the most diverse communities, followed by branches and fruits. These results demonstrate a hierarchical assembly where climate filters the regional species pool, and host tissue type then fine-tunes the local community. This study provides the first comprehensive baseline of E. camaldulensis endophytes in Iran and highlights the vulnerability of these symbiotic systems to climate change, while also identifying them as a valuable resource for biotechnology.
P. Aleahmad, L. Ebrahimi, N. Safaie· PLoS ONE· 0 citations
The family Orchidaceae is one of the most taxonomically diverse groups of angiosperms, recognized for their ornamental significance and their content of pharmacologically relevant secondary metabolites. This review critically evaluates the phytochemical diversity, bioactivities, and potential of Orchidaceae species as natural sources for the development of functional food products. This review is based on a comprehensive literature survey of 32 peer-reviewed articles indexed in Scopus and PubMed through April 2025, which reports the presence of diverse bioactive compounds-mainly phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and anthocyanins in various orchid species and plant tissues. These compounds exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities, including antioxidants, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-aging, photoprotective, and neuropharmacological effects. The concentration and composition of these metabolites depend on species differences, plant organ specificity, and extraction methods. Cumulative evidence underscores the underutilized potential of orchids as phytochemical reservoirs for nutraceutical applications. However, further translational research on bioavailability, safety, and functional stability in complex food systems is essential to enable their practical application in consumer health products. This review advocates intensive multidisciplinary research on Orchidaceae to open up new opportunities in the functional food and health-promoting bioactive industries.
Syntiya Inanda Khoidir, Deksa Aldebaran, Nur Aniza Aprilia et al.· Current Applied Science and...· 0 citations