Wireless Communications Feasibility for Automated Vehicle Marshalling Systems
Abstract
With increased need in computing requirements on the Infrastructure (IX) and not having enough sensing computation on vehicles, IX based Automated Vehicle Marshalling (AVM) achieves faster deployment of the SAE Level-4 driver-less vehicles in the geo-fenced Operational Domain (ODD) areas. With IX based AVM, it would open-up for multiple new use-cases in the automotive industry such as plant marshalling, depot marshalling, hands-free charging, valet parking, airport parking, rental cars parking etc. To enable the IX based AVM with the inputs from infrastructure sensors, it would require standard messages (SAE, ETSI) to be communicated wirelessly between the Remote Vehicle Operation (RVO) server and Automated Vehicle (AV). Selection of Wireless communication plays a critical role in the safety aspects of autonomous vehicle operations. In this paper, we present a feasibility assessment focusing on the wireless Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of Latency and Packet Error Rate (PER), alongside an analysis of the associated advantages and challenges for multiple wireless communication technologies. These technologies include Cellular Vehicle to Everything (C-V2X) operating via its PC5 direct communication interface, Cellular-Uu public base stations, Cellular-Uu public Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS) integrated with Multi-Access Edge Compute (MEC), Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS), and Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi).