Low-fat dietary pattern and dietary advanced glycation end-products intake: a secondary analysis of the Women's Health Initiative randomized trial.
Abstract
Background
In the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Dietary Modification (DM) randomized trial, a low-fat dietary pattern intervention reduced breast cancer mortality (P = 0.02). Higher dietary advanced glycation end-products (dAGE) may be associated with higher breast cancer incidence. In this report, we examined whether the WHI dietary intervention influenced dAGE consumption.
Methods
Of 48,835 postmenopausal women randomized (40:60) to dietary intervention versus usual diet comparison, 40,209 had food frequency questionnaires at baseline, and serially through 5-7 years, which were used to estimate dAGE scores (kilo Unit/1000 kilocalories [kU/1000 kcal]) using a commonly referenced database. Multivariate regressions with repeated dAGE measures were examined by randomization group.
Results
Baseline mean dAGE scores were similar for intervention (7542 kU/1000 kcal, standard deviation (SD) = 912) and comparison (7514 kU/1000 kcal, SD = 917) groups. Through 5-7 years, dAGE scores were persistently lower in intervention versus comparison groups (mean range 5361-6236 kU/1000 kcal versus 7159-7669 kU/1000 kcal (P < 0.0001).
Conclusions
The WHI low-fat dietary pattern intervention substantially reduced dAGE consumption. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT00000611; Date: 10/28/1999.