Cancer biology has been organized for 2 decades by the hallmarks framework, articulated in 2000 and most recently revised in 2026. The pace of technological change in oncology now requires reframing how cancer is detected, prevented, and treated. This review argues that the hallmarks framework, while historically essen...
The term virtual cell now covers objects ranging from curated biochemical simulators to atlas-trained neural representations, yet the decisive empirical question is narrower: whether a model built to obey known biochemical rules predicts the effects of new drugs or genetic changes better than an otherwise identical mod...
Mikołaj Stańczak, Sarfaraz K. Niazi· Cells· 0 citations
A systematic evaluation of thermodynamic, kinetic, transport, transport, and microenvironmental constraints can identify candidates likely to fail on physical grounds prior to substantial investment in synthesis and translational research, thereby conserving resources for the inherently experimental validation of biolo...
Sarfaraz K. Niazi· Frontiers in Drug Discovery· 0 citations
The Dynamic Protein Structure Paradox is defined as the apparent conflict between structural accuracy and functional underdetermination and DPSP is developed as an integrative evidentiary assessment framework rather than a new theory or paradigm.
Sarfaraz K. Niazi· Cells· 0 citations
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