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artificial intelligence

19,710 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Skill$^{\infty}$: Recursive Self-Improvement for Agent Skill Optimization

Recursive self-improvement (RSI), in which a system also improves the way it improves, is a long-standing aspiration on the path to AGI. Language agents increasingly store procedural knowledge in reusable skills. Optimizing skills offers a direct way to achieve RSI, because the optimization procedure itself can be enco...

Wangcheng Tao, Zhanglu Yan, Han Wu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Beyond Vision-Language Models: Visual-Semantic Affect Graphs for Emotion Recognition in Artworks

Emotion recognition in artworks remains challenging because affective meaning is often subjective, implicit, and shaped by relationships between visual form and semantic associations. While vision-language models provide strong multimodal representations, direct image-to-emotion prediction may overlook explicit relatio...

Ngoc-Duy Mai, Ha-Thanh Nguyen, Hideaki Takeda · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Trainable Boundary-Keeping Where No Formal Answer Exists: A Controlled Knock-In Study of Reward Training in Evidence-Sufficiency Judgment

Reasoning-tuned and reward-trained models are often assumed to verify more reliably because they reason longer or receive correctness signals. We test this in evidence-sufficiency judgment: deciding whether available information actually supports a causal claim, a domain with no decidable correctness reward. Using a pr...

YaJie Yin · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Correlation-Aware Exploration for Long-Trace Reasoning

Reasoning models trained with Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) now produce chains of thought thousands of tokens long, and recent studies reveal that such training is prone to policy collapse. Entropy regularization is the standard remedy, but it works by pushing probability mass away from the few tokens that...

Junxing Hu, Zicheng Zhang, Zhiqian Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ThinkBit: Search Codewords, Recalibrate Scales, Select by Reasoning

Reasoning language models generate thousands of tokens per answer, and generation speed is limited by memory bandwidth, so storing weights in two bits instead of bfloat16 can potentially make inference 8$\times$ cheaper. Two-bit methods are usually judged by perplexity and multiple-choice question-answering accuracy, b...

Rhea Sanjay Sukthanker, Pashmina Cameron · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Review Oct 2026

DocTalk: Enhancing Medical Knowledge Retrieval via Fine-tuned Large Language Models with Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Robust Clinical Decision Support

Objective: The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) in healthcare has opened new possibilities for AI-assisted clinical decision-making; however, safe and effective deployment remains challenging because of hallucination and domain misalignment. This study introduces DocTalk, a doctor-assistive question-an...

Asad Gohar, Md Ariful Islam Mozumder, Moon-Il Joo et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Knowing When the Evidence Is Enough: Requirement-Directed Search with Horn-Closure Certificates

Certify makes sufficiency structural: a per-query requirement hypergraph states which facts jointly yield another fact, which raises two challenges: deriving requirements from the question alone and linking each requirement to passages about the right entity.

Xin-Yu Zhang, Wei-Wei Sun · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Agent Memory as Recommendation: Recommender-System Design for Long-Term Memory of LLM Agents

Large language model (LLM) agents that serve users across many sessions must choose, for every request, the few stored memories that enter a limited context window. This choice largely decides whether the agent answers correctly, and it runs on every request at Web scale. This selection faces three challenges: a large...

Xinyu Zhang, Weiwei Sun · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AdaTutor: Adaptive Tutoring through Pedagogical Strategy Selection

Effective tutoring requires determining not only what information to provide, but also which form of assistance to deliver. A tutor may address the same student error using various pedagogical strategies, adapting its approach as the interaction progresses. We introduce Comparative Pedagogical Supervision (CPS), a trai...

Rajeev Bhatt Ambati, Shashank Srivastava, Snigdha Chaturvedi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

One Mean Log-Mel Vector per Phoneme: Simple and Fast Text Injection for Speech Recognition

Text injection trains speech recognition models on unpaired text alongside paired audio. We feed the speech encoder synthetic input derived from text so the whole model learns from it. Previously, we synthesized this input with a frozen text-to-speech (TTS) model. Here, a simple lookup table replaces the TTS model: a m...

Albert Zeyer, Davyd Naveriani, Dorian Koch et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

What Effort Level Should I Choose? On the Economics of Reasoning Effort in LLM Agents

Generative models increasingly expose a reasoning effort setting that lets users scale inference-time compute, trading higher cost for potentially improved performance. Users must choose an effort level before knowing whether extra reasoning will help, and even a successful run does not reveal whether the effort purcha...

Kaiser Sun, Yongchan Kwon, Zain Hasan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AndroidFlux: Evaluating and Reward Modeling Failure Recovery Capabilities in Mobile Use Multimodal Agents

Mobile-use multimodal agents are typically evaluated by task success from a clean initial state, which does not isolate their ability to recover from intermediate errors. Because mobile environments change dynamically, a general mobile-use agent must complete tasks robustly even from unexpected states and in unseen env...

Gyubeum Lim, Yemo Koo, Ghunwoo Jang et al. · 0 citations

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