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artificial intelligence

19,710 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Dec 2025

MarkTune: Improving the Quality-Detectability Trade-off in Model-Embedded LLM Watermarking

MarkTune is introduced, a theoretically grounded on-policy fine-tuning framework that uses the GaussMark detection statistic as a reward while preserving generation quality through cross-entropy on high-quality human text or KL divergence to a stronger oracle model.

Yi-Zhou Zhao, Zhiwei Steven Wu, Adam Block · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2025

Revisiting GAN with Bayes-Optimal Discrimination

An adversarial game in which the discriminator tightens this bound and the generator maximizes it is formulated, and it is shown that, under balanced class priors, the population game is equivalent to minimizing total variation between the data and generator distributions.

Mohammadreza Tavasoli Naeini, Ali Bereyhi, Morteza Noshad et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

FlowCritic: Bridging Value Estimation with Flow Matching in Reinforcement Learning

Reliable value estimation serves as the cornerstone of reinforcement learning (RL) by evaluating long-term returns and guiding policy improvement, significantly influencing the convergence speed and final performance. Existing works improve the reliability of value function estimation via multi-critic ensembles and dis...

Shan Zhong, Shutong Ding, He Diao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Apr 2025

Does More Compute Make Every Adversarial Attack Transferable?

This work shows that, when there is a quadratic gap in computational resources between attacker and defender, every learnable classification task admits either a transferable attack or an adversarial defense, and proves a stronger result that implies this failure.

Greg Gluch, S. Goldwasser, Anastasiia Struss · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ACTIVA: Amortized Causal Effect Estimation via Variational Autoencoders

Predicting post-intervention distributions from observational data is central to many scientific and decision-making problems, but remains challenging due to causal ambiguity, restrictive modeling assumptions, and the lack of amortization across tasks. We introduce ACTIVA, a transformer-based conditional variational au...

Andreas Sauter, Saber Salehkaleybar, Frank van Harmelen et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Evolutionary Deep Nets for Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring

Compact appliance classifiers can support local electricity-load monitoring where memory and computation are constrained. We evaluate adaptive sparse evolutionary training and warm-start compression using synthetic aggregate windows derived from household appliance recordings. A completed convolutional network study tr...

Jinsong Wang, Kenneth A. Loparo · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

EpiSEM-Bench: Evaluating Safety and Evidence Recovery in LLM Agents under Missing Evidence

Tool-using language model agents rely on environmental facts to decide whether an action is permitted. When a tool response omits a safety-relevant fact, an agent may carry out a prohibited action even though the user request is benign and every returned statement is true. We introduce \bench{}, an executable benchmark...

Qijin Zhang, Hanzhen Wang, Yuehan Zhao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Would an LLM Match into a Residency? Uncertainty, Reasoning and Image Use of Open Language Models on the Spanish MIR Examination

Accuracy on medical examinations is common evidence offered for the clinical use of language models, yet a health system that intends to run an open model on its own hardware needs to know considerably more: whether the model recognizes when it is likely to be wrong, whether medical fine-tuning improves this ability, w...

Miguel Fernandez-de-Retana, Unai Zulaika, Ruben Sanchez-Corcuera et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MoG-VLM: Efficient Video Anomaly Detection through Motion-Guided Vision-Language Models

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown strong potential for video anomaly detection, but dense frame-level inference makes them impractical for real-time deployment. Existing acceleration commonly relies on uniform sampling, which ignores content dynamics and can either waste computation on static segments or miss lo...

Khaled Waleed Dawoud, Muhammad Zaigham Zaheer, Khan Muhammad et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DIAL: Steerable Language Models with Distilled Instruction-Adherence Levels

When a user says "Keep it short", how short should the LLM's response be? More generally, users and applications require different levels of instruction adherence, but prompting does not reliably provide fine-grained control over them. We therefore study "steerable language models" that provide fine-grained numerical c...

Thanh Q. Tran, John Russell Himawan, Arun Verma et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Conservative Meta-Agent Search: Architecture Adaptation under Non-Stationarity

Automated agentic-system design is typically evaluated on static task suites with immediate scalar rewards. Deployed systems face persistent shift, delayed dependent feedback, correlated component failures, and costly architecture changes. We formalize meta-agent architecture search as sequential incumbent replacement...

Ali Atiah Alzahrani · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

How Depth Growth and Looping Shape In-Context Learning in Language Models

Looped and depth-grown language models reuse computations across depth and have attracted interest for their reasoning capabilities. Building on prior suggestive evidence of improved in-context-learning (ICL), we investigate how such reuse favors ICL, including how it shapes the acquisition, retention, and mechanisms o...

Ferdinand Kapl, Kaitlin Maile, Stefan Bauer et al. · 0 citations

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