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artificial intelligence

20,463 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Value of Memory in Language Agents

Memory enables language agents to carry useful distinctions from past experience into future decisions. Its value depends on which distinctions survive, whether a bounded agent can use them, and what can be recovered or revised as demands evolve. We develop a decision-theoretic framework that follows this value from ra...

Zehao Lin, Erenkai Zhu, Helan Hu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Predicting Music Valence and Arousal via Textual and Multimodal In-Context Learning in Large Language Models

This work investigates the potential of in-context learning (ICL) with large language models to advance continuous valence and arousal prediction and suggests that training-free ICL offers an effective inference-time strategy for current language models to predict continuous music emotion.

Chia Dai, Chih-Pin Tan, Yi-Hsuan Yang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SCOPE: Compiling Natural-Language Policies into Neurosymbolic Predicate Programs

Policy enforcement for LLM agents has shifted from single-turn content moderation to compound, application-specific policies evaluated over multi-turn transcripts and tool-call trajectories. Fine-tuned guardrail models are efficient but degrade on compound policies, and while LLM-as-a-judge approaches achieve higher ac...

Arnon Mazza, Elad Levi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ColaBench: Evaluating Memory-Guided Knowledge Acquisition in Personal Agents

Personal agents need to draw on long-term interaction history to retrieve and apply external knowledge suited to a user's current request. Even an answer grounded in relevant documents can be unsuitable when it overlooks the user's circumstances. This creates two connected challenges: using historical conditions to ide...

Wenjie Zhang, Zhichao Shi, Xuhui Jiang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

How Firm Are AI Models' Ethical Boundaries? A Pay-Stub Editing Test of 15 Models

Can a small change in wording move an AI model from refusing a sensitive request to acting on it? We test 15 models on the same request to increase the income shown on a pay stub. Across 445 observable trials, models issue editing calls in 14.1% of cases when a loan purpose is stated, 33.1% when the purpose is omitted,...

Simiao Ren, Xingyu Shen, Tommy Duong et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Disentangling Robustness and Sycophancy in Multilingual LLMs

When a multilingual LLM agrees with a user's false premise, is it being sycophantic, or does it simply not know better in that language? Current research does not distinguish these cases: they record only whether the model agreed, not why. We introduce the SC-matrix, that crosses a model's competence (whether it answer...

Rhitabrat Pokharel, Ameeta Agrawal · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Group Relative Policy Optimisation Improves Multilingual Speech Recognition in Low-Resource Languages

Autoregressive encoder-decoder speech recognition models trained with teacher forcing can suffer from exposure bias, limiting their ability to recover from their own prediction errors at inference time. Recent work has shown that reinforcement learning with Group Relative Policy Optimisation (GRPO) improves speech reco...

Tim Wenjie Hu, Evelyn Nafula Ouma, Benjamin Akera et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Governed Self-Evolution for Autonomous Investing: A Multi-Agent LLM System with an Invariant Core

LLM agents that act on live Web data must combine heterogeneous evidence, remember what they have done and improve from outcomes without weakening their own safeguards. We study this problem in autonomous investing, where every action is irreversible and based on untrusted Web content. We present Steward, a multi-agent...

Yebo Feng, Jingyang Dai, Liangrui Pan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Why Bother Me Again? Benchmarking Personal Agent Memory for Interaction Preferences

Personal intelligence systems are taking on increasingly complex everyday tasks, yet repeated questions, unnecessary confirmations, and unwanted outreach can turn capable assistance into interaction burden. Reducing this burden requires agents to remember how users want to be assisted. However, existing memory benchmar...

Jia-Lin Li, Zhen-Hao Chen, Han-Jun Luo et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Agent Mosaic: Recognizing Confidentiality Leaks in Agentic LLM Systems

Modern LLM agents can retrieve information from accessible documents, and then disclose a sensitive conclusion assembled from them. This mosaic effect creates a critical risk for agents operating over confidential data. We quantify its realization with 30 synthetic cybersecurity, medical, and military examples, yieldin...

Daniel Ruiz, Luca Luceri, Emilio Ferrara · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

When Multiple Choices Are Correct: Asymmetric Probability Allocation in Jev and Other Decision Models

Decision models return normalized probability distributions over candidate choices, which downstream applications can use to select among choices. Although their providers emphasize the reliability of these probabilities, calibration on tasks with a single correct choice does not establish their reliability when multip...

Rushab Munot · 0 citations

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