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computer vision

4,009 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Aug 2026

Comprehensive framework for evaluation of deep neural networks in detection and quantification of lymphoma from PET/CT images: clinical insights, pitfalls, and observer agreement analyses

This study addresses critical gaps in automated lymphoma segmentation from PET/CT images, focusing on issues often overlooked in existing literature. While deep learning has been applied for lymphoma lesion segmentation, few studies incorporate out-of-distribution testing, raising concerns about model generalizability...

Shadab Ahamed, Yixi Xu, Sara Kurkowska et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

OceanDepths: A Global Dataset of Paired Subsurface and Surface Ocean Observations

OceanDepths is introduced, the first open, global, regridded AI-ready dataset that pairs satellite-derived sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, and sea surface height products with co-located EN4 subsurface temperature and salinity profiles, complemented by matched GLORYS12 ocean reanalysis data to support co...

Simon Donike, Ruben Cartuyvels, A. I. Ferola et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Aug 2026

BRo-JEPA: Learning Modular Transformations in Latent Space

Can neural networks learn algebraic rules from visual inputs, or do they merely fit observed patterns? We study this question using MNIST (or EMNIST letters) as states and modular arithmetic operations as actions in a JEPA-style world model. Standard supervised and JEPA baselines with operation embeddings achieve high...

Divyansh Jha, Yuanfang Xie, Brennen Yu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Aug 2026

Primitive Representation Learning for Unsupervised Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI Reconstruction

This work proposes a multi-dimensional, primitive based framework for dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI reconstruction that disentangles the underlying anatomy, the dynamic contrast enhancement, and residual motion into separate temporal basis functions, thereby enabling a geometrical interpretation of the representation.

Veronika Spieker, Wenqi Huang, Cemre Ariyurek et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Aug 2026

AppendiGrade: An XAI-Enhanced Deep Learning Framework for Grading Appendicitis in Ultrasound with Gaussian Blur and Grad-CAM

An advanced system capable of automatically detecting complicated appendicitis from ultrasound images was developed and was explained with gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM), which creates a heatmap of the regions responsible for the model's prediction of the infected areas.

Fahad Ahammed, Omar Faruq Shikdar, Navid Zaman et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Aug 2026

Looking Beyond the Scale: Do Surgical Skill Models Learn Transferable Representations Across Assessment Rubrics?

Results indicate the visual component is dominant but not solely responsible for skill prediction; further work is needed to conclusively disentangle transferable skill features from those bound to a specific visual domain.

Hanna Hoffmann, F. Bechtolsheim, Stefanie Speidel et al. · 0 citations

Teach and Grow: An Agent-Centered Architecture for General Robot Learning

Vision-language-action (VLA) and world-action models typically absorb unfamiliar manipulation tasks through additional robot data collection and policy optimization. This recurring retraining burden slows the acquisition of new behavior. We present Teach-and-Grow Learning (TGL), a training-free architecture that turns...

Chang Nie, Zhe Liu, He-Sheng Wang · 2 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Aug 2026

Lymphocyte Mimicry Correction via Region-Level Tissue Reasoning and Unbalanced Optimal Transport

Cell mimicry arises when different cell types appear morphologically similar. Human pathologists resolve this ambiguity using surrounding tissue context, whereas current vision models either lack contextual reasoning (cell foundation models) or cannot operate at the cell level (pathology MLLMs). We present Loki-OT, whi...

Xiang Li, Yuqi Wang, Casey C. Heirman et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Aug 2026

MagViT: Interpretable Multi-Magnification Transformers with Patient-Level Model Selection for Breast Histopathology

MagViT, an interpretable multi-magnification transformer framework with scale-gated fusion and patient-level model selection, is presented, an interpretable multi-magnification transformer framework with scale-gated fusion and patient-level model selection relative to prior ViT-centered BreakHis work.

Nabil Ashab, Soumitra Kundu, Saif Mahmud Parvez et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Aug 2026

Optimize Your Sampling: Tuned Diffusion Sampling with Bayesian Optimization

Optizing Your Sampling (OYS), which instead treats timestep selection as a black-box optimization problem, optimizing the target metric directly with Bayesian optimization, improves both simple and sophisticated samplers such as Euler and DPM-Solver++.

Travis Zhang, Christian K. Belardi, Justin Lovelace et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 28, 2026

Making machines that can listen

Professor Paris Smaragdis develops computers with superhuman hearing for applications like speech recognition, music understanding, and environmental monitoring.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 6, 2026

What AI gets wrong and what failure teaches us

Jennifer Neville did not want to go into computer science—but that’s exactly where she landed. Neville discusses the starts and stops that led to her professional sweet spot and her work identifying “surprising failures” making it hard for AI to handle complexity.  The post What AI gets wrong and what failure teaches us appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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