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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#artificial intelligence Open access Oct 2026

Beyond Calibration: Temporal LLM Confidence Assessment Across Languages and Local Settings

Large language models are expected to estimate their own uncertainty, with confidence signals used to guide retrieval, adaptive compute allocation, routing, and selective abstention. We investigate whether confidence signals measured at different temporal stages of problem solving encode distinct forms of epistemic inf...

Sahil Kale · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

CovNav: Conformal Prediction-Guided Adaptive Inference for Object Goal Navigation

In object goal navigation (ObjectNav), an embodied agent must find a target object (e.g., "find a bed") in a previously unseen environment, relying on spatial commonsense such as object co-occurrence. Large Language Models (LLMs) encode this commonsense, but deploying them on robots exposes a trade-off between reasonin...

Pengying Wu, Zhejia Wen, Kang Ding et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

BCT: Bayes-Consistent Tempering for Flow Language Models

Temperature scaling is typically applied as a post-hoc transformation of model probabilities. In posterior-induced flow language models, this creates two mismatches. First, posterior tempering implicitly changes both the endpoint distribution and the distribution of intermediate noisy states, while the denoiser remains...

Daisuke Oba, Hiroki Furuta, Naoaki Okazaki · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Conference Open access Oct 2026

ABench: Adversarily Benchmarking Large Language Models across Taxonomized Values

Ensuring the alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) with diverse cultural values is critical for their safe global deployment. However, existing alignment benchmarks are predominantly English-centric or confined to simple discriminative tasks. Moreover, they often fail to effectively evaluate model robustness agains...

Li-Ping Yang, Yong-Qi Leng, Jing-Ting Zheng et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

WORTH Benchmark: Evidence Discovery under Not-Fully-Cooperative Information -- A Two-Episode Pilot

The WORTH Benchmark is proposed: models read original mystery narratives without clue annotations, autonomously select key clue sentences, identify case participants, and explain their reasoning process, and it is suggested that not-fully-cooperative informational relationships may influence evidence selection and judg...

B. Zou, Chao Xu · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Benefit and Cost of Random-Token Replacement under Repeated Data: A Known-Entropy Decomposition and Evidence from Ten Real Corpora

When unique pretraining data is scarce, models see the same tokens many times and are thought to memorize. Random-token replacement, an input-corruption augmentation, is one remedy reported to lower validation loss, but a lower loss alone does not reveal which source of error it reduces. On a controlled source whose en...

Wonsup Shin, Jingu Kim · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Factual Access States in Diffusion Language Models: From Mechanism to Knowledge Editing and Retrieval

Factual recall is a lookup: some representation inside the network serves as the key, and what that key is made of decides which queries can retrieve the fact, what an edit must cover, and what a retriever can read. We call it the factual access state. In autoregressive (AR) models the subject position enriches attribu...

Yuchen Guo, Zhuoyuan Mao, Yiwen Guo · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

AudiPsy: Evidence-Grounded Multimodal Reasoning over Spoken Counseling Conversations for Depression Assessment

Experiments on DAIC-WOZ demonstrate superior depression assessment performance over specialized depression detection methods and general-purpose speech/omni-LLMs, along with improved reasoning quality, while supplementary evaluation on EATD-Corpus supports AudiPsy's applicability to naturalistic conversations.

Chuanbo Zhu, Run Luo, Wei-Bo Zhao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Learned Readout Tokens for Extracting Large Language Model Confidence

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used within everyday applications where their responses have significant downstream impacts. For responsible deployment of such systems, we desire insight into how much we can trust their individual outputs. A popular approach for estimating LLM confidence is to train probe...

Nima Seifi, Martin Ester · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AnomalyJev: Towards Evaluating Image Anomaly Explanations via Claim-Level Verification

Recent multimodal LLM (MLLM)-based anomaly detection (AD) methods can generate textual explanations that help interpret their predictions. However, reliably and efficiently evaluating these explanations remains challenging. While LLM judges can assess explanations through structured rubrics, they often require substant...

Qizhou Wang, Jiawen Zhu, Guansong Pang et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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