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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DisaggKD: Efficient Knowledge Distillation through Teacher-Student Disaggregation and a Fused Loss

Knowledge distillation (KD) frameworks place teacher and student on the same GPUs, so per-GPU memory limits the teachers that fit. DisaggKD separates them across nodes: teacher replicas stream hidden states to the student, a KD loss over row windows and vocabulary shards equals the full-vocabulary loss in exact arithme...

Ruixuan Tu, Yuyang Dong · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A Sense of Proprioception in Language Models

In humans, proprioception corresponds to the sense of self-movement or position, e.g. understanding the position of one's arm. This sense is often less well-understood and in popular understanding sometimes conflated with introspection. But, notably, proprioception is a separate sense, with dedicated receptors and veri...

Jonas Geiping · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Online LLM Personalization from Pairwise Preferences Across Users

Large language models can answer the same question in different styles, but users' preferred styles are hidden and vary across users and questions. We study inference-time personalization through online selection from a fixed set of prompts, each representing a persona. Users arrive sequentially, each asks a short sequ...

Romain Puech, Georgy Salakhutdinov, Dimitris Bertsimas · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MLAfication: Efficiently Enabling High-Fidelity MLA for Modern LLMs

Multi-Head Latent Attention (MLA) compresses the KV cache into a latent representation, reducing inference memory and bandwidth. Existing MHA2MLA/TransMLA methods do not support QKNorm and require costly recovery on modern LLMs, especially MoE. We present MLAfication, a QKNorm-compatible, parameter-efficient extension...

Zile Wang, Zhide Xie, Tao Ji · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Towards Universal Calibration for In-Context Classification

In-Context Learning (ICL) has received a lot of interest recently due to its ability to improve classification accuracy for new tasks without having to fine-tune the model over these tasks. However, the impact of ICL on calibration has been far less studied. Recent work has shown that ICL can have a negative impact on...

Awik Dhar, Sunita Sarawagi, Arpit Agarwal · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Bell Boundary of Shared Representations

When does a shared representation become insufficient for jointly supporting multiple tasks? This question lies at the heart of multi-task learning models. Although task interference in shared representations has been widely observed, its onset, measurable form, and capacity boundary remain poorly understood. In this p...

Yang Wu, Hanyu Zhao, Yazhou Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

TPPO: Tracking-Value PPO For Language Model Reasoning

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is widely used in reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards for language-model reasoning. While \emph{value evolution along trajectory} characterizes relative token-level credit, yet standard critics often fail to track it under sparse terminal rewards. To model this evolution, w...

Futing Wang, Chenxi Li, Jianhao Yan et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Is the Platform Part of the Measurement? A Protocol and Simulation Study for Cross-Platform Equivalence of Machine-Labelled Policy Sentiment

Comparing machine-labelled sentiment across social media platforms is now routine: differences in classifier scores between platforms are read as differences in public opinion. These comparisons rest on an assumption that the classifier measures the same construct, on the same scale, on every platform. Some studies che...

Asad Ikram, Ella Haig · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Learn from Move: the Next Step for GUI Agents

Existing benchmarks for GUI agents primarily focus on increasing task difficulty by extending task horizons. Besides, enabling agents to explore unfamiliar environments and successfully complete tasks within them is also a critical yet challenging problem. We introduce LatentGUIWorld, a benchmark of six tasks in three...

Jia-Hao Lu, Yi-Ze Shen, Chuan-Yuan Tan et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Attention-Graph Curvature for the Verification of Mathematical Reasoning

Language models have recently solved open Erd\H{o}s problems and achieved gold-medal level performance on International Mathematical Olympiad problems. But their solutions, written in natural language, cannot yet be verified by proof assistants. An erroneous reasoning step can invalidate every step that comes after, so...

Kanghyeon Kim, Johannes F. Lutzeyer, Yanzhu Guo · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

LoongSage: A Production-Grade, High-Efficiency Agentic RL Framework for Frontier LLMs with Validated Recipes

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a critical phase in the post-training pipeline of large language models (LLMs). As the frontier of LLM capabilities shifts from static reasoning to agentic tasks--characterized by external tool invocation, multi-turn interactions, and long-horizon decision-making--existing mai...

LoongSage Team Bowei Song, Cai-Wei Zhao, Chu-Wen Liu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Error Correction in Trained TTT Layers

Test-time-training (TTT) layers update fast-weight memory while processing an input sequence. A gradient-based update, however, does not by itself establish how the memory revises an existing association. We study the structure and empirical role of prediction-derived updates in released TTT implementations. For dot-pr...

Yu-He Hu · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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