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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

ChunkAct: Action Chunking for Agentic Robotics

Agentic robotics places a large language model (LLM) agent in the robot control loop, where it composes perception, motion, and vision-language-action (VLA) tools under the guidance of a memory and thereby generalizes to new tasks without retraining. This generality comes at a steep price in efficiency. Every primitive...

Bing-Xin Xu, Wen-Rui Bao, Xin-Xin Liu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Tev: Scaling Long-Horizon Agentic Environments with Dense Progress Rewards

Long-horizon agents have drawn growing attention for their ability to work autonomously -- from hours to days -- on economically valuable tasks, a capability essential to automated discovery and recursive self-improvement (RSI). Yet open-source models still struggle on long-horizon tasks, largely for lack of both train...

Wen-Bo Hu, Shraman Pramanick, Krishna Kumar Singh et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

DoubtLess: Training-Free Contrastive Decoding for Efficient Reasoning

Reasoning models achieve strong performance through long chains of thought (CoT), but often spend more tokens than needed to solve a problem. Existing ways to shorten the CoT require additional training for each model, add a fixed steering vector to the model's hidden states, or use decoding heuristics such as stopping...

Minghao Luo, Liang Chen · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Hybrid Reasoning Agents

How can we build an agent that thinks beyond human language, yet still acts through it in the external environment? Modern LLM agents still reason and interact through text, while latent reasoning offers an efficient internal medium but lacks native tool access and reasoning transparency. We bridge these two directions...

Jiaru Zou, Yunzhe Qi, Sirui Chen et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Back-Translation Still Matters: Leveraging Monolingual Data for Low-Resource Machine Translation with LLMs

Pre-trained Large Language Model (LLMs) are effective on many tasks in zero-shot and few-shot settings. For machine translation of low-resource languages, the obvious options are few-shot prompting and fine-tuning on a small parallel set. We ask: what if moderate amounts of low-resource monolingual data are also availa...

Divyanshu Bathla, Parag Singla, Jitin Singla · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

SEAR: Self-Evolving Agentic Robotics

Frontier language-model agents can now improve robots on their own: they write control code, test it, and keep what works as skills and memories for the next task. We introduce SEAR (Self-Evolving Agentic Robotics), a framework and benchmark built around two questions. Is the agent really learning, or just trying more...

Xin-Yi Wang, Bang-Zheng Li, Han-Yu Wang et al. · 3 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Where Do LLM Ensemble Gains Come From? Decomposing Candidate Value, Diversity, and Aggregation

LLM ensemble gains are often measured against a single baseline, but the value attributed to additional candidates can change with the comparison used. We study an LLM aggregator under four matched conditions: Direct (no candidates), Single-slot (one candidate in a multi-slot interface), Duplicate (one candidate repeat...

Donghwan Kim · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

PreciseCoder: Faithful and Generalizable Debugging Beyond Unit-Test Rewards

Reinforcement learning (RL) from unit tests is the common recipe for post-training code models, but a unit test only asks whether the final program passes. We analyze what this unit-test-only reward teaches a model during debugging and find that, while it raises pass rates, it also teaches the model to edit more and to...

Yun-Kai Zhan, Miao-Sen Chai, Shang-Shang Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

From Relation-Specific Heads to Shared Interventions: Contextual Entrainment in Language Models

Large language models rely on prompt context to perform in-context learning, follow formats, and adapt to local evidence. This ability, however, also raises a robustness concern: models may reuse irrelevant tokens from earlier context when answering a later query. Prior work identifies this behavior as contextual entra...

Jinghan Zheng, Jiajun Shi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

SMI: Ontology-Grounded Semantic IDs for Hierarchy-Aware Medical Concept Representation

Biomedical language models (LMs) provide strong representations for clinical tasks, but they often fail to capture the hierarchical structure among medical concepts. This limitation is especially pronounced for rare and fine-grained clinical codes in long-tailed vocabularies, where hierarchy-agnostic LM representations...

Zi-Yang Song, Li Shen, Yi-Xuan Li et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Known-Voice Cloning and the Limits of Personality Transfer for Character Design

Recent advances in zero-shot voice cloning systems make it possible to reproduce a recognizable voice from a short recording and attach it to arbitrary virtual characters. Prior work suggests that familiar vocal identity can carry over associated personality impressions to new targets such as robots or virtual characte...

Johanna Magdalena Kuch, Maud van Lier, Daksitha Senel Withanage Don et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Knowledge Graphs as Files: An Agent Harness Where Tool Creation and Tool Use Co-Evolve

Searching text-rich knowledge graphs requires following relations while examining textual evidence. Predefined graph interfaces constrain what evidence agents can access, even when they write code to combine tool calls or process retrieved subgraphs. We propose direct knowledge graph interaction (DKGI), a harness in wh...

Yuyang Bai, Yu Wang, Yu Zhang · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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