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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Open access Nov 2026

HERIT: Enabling Global Access to Hanja-to-English Historical Translation by Mitigating Temporal Bias

Historical archives are invaluable for multidisciplinary research but remain inaccessible globally due to severe language barriers. While manual translation is prohibitively expensive and time-consuming, simply applying existing machine translation models is inadequate due to unique linguistic nuances and the temporal...

Dayeon Jeong, Kyeongpil Kang · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Residual Attribute Leakage Is an Interface: Auditing Privacy Evaluation After Text De-identification

A privacy evaluation of de-identified text asks a language model (the adversary) to guess a person's protected attribute. We introduce a prior-normalised clipped leakage score of its confidence gain on the true value and audit the conclusions drawn from it. Each verdict depends on an evaluation interface (the queried p...

Tuan Thanh Duong, Joongmin Shin, Jeongho Yoon et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Nov 2026

PROSE: Preservation-Constrained Selective Editing for Guilty Bias in Legal Judgment Prediction

Legal judgment prediction models may retain a guilty verdict after a legally decisive condition has been altered such that the specified charge is no longer established. We study this guilty bias via selective repair over matched charge-established and charge-not-established cases, where the unsupported verdict should...

Yimeng Wang, Zeyuan Tian, Xinyu Wang et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Nov 2026

TraceRouter++: Causal Semantic Routing Realignment via Optimal Transport

Despite their remarkable capabilities, large foundation models (LFMs) remain susceptible to adversarial manipulation. Current safety intervention methods primarily rely on the \textit{locality hypothesis}, rigidly suppressing isolated neurons or features. However, harmful semantics manifest as distributed, cross-layer...

Chuancheng Shi, Shangze Li, Wenhua Wu et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Nov 2026

CardioVascBench:Prioritized Diagnosis Generation from Real-World Chinese Cardiovascular Records

Identifying the primary diagnosis alone does not fully characterize a model's diagnosis-generation performance. We introduce CardioVascBench, a retrospective benchmark for prioritized diagnosis generation from real-world Chinese cardiovascular inpatient records. It contains 3,262 de-identified cases, with 2,174 for tra...

Minghao Kong, Muyao Chen, Jianhao Wu et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Nov 2026

MIMIC-Note-Extract: A Large-Scale Structured Dataset Extracted from MIMIC-IV-Note Discharge Summaries

MIMIC is one of the most widely used public hospital datasets for machine learning on electronic health records, yet clinically important information, such as past medical history, allergies, and diagnostic findings, remains confined to free-text discharge summaries. Studies requiring this information must therefore bu...

Kristian Schwethelm, Jonas Kuntzer, Conrad Ketzer et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Evaluating LLMs as Judges of Counterspeech Quality Against Online Hate Speech

Prolonged exposure to hate speech on social media can cause lasting psychological distress among users. Counterspeech has emerged as an effective, non-censorial mitigation strategy, but its deployment requires rigorous quality assessment. Manual assessment is unscalable due to the large volume of content on the Web and...

Johnny Alali, Nicol\'as Benjam\'in Ocampo, Davide Ceolin · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Nov 2026

TEMPO: Time Series Understanding via Discrete Tokenization

Time-series interpretation often requires both numerical observations and textual context. Integrating these inputs into a pretrained language model raises a representation question: how should a signal enter the model's token sequence? We present TEMPO, which extends an LLM's vocabulary with discrete codes from a cont...

Riccardo Maggioni · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Nov 2026

ReListen: Training-Free Evidence Localization in Hour-Long Audio with Frozen Audio Language Models

Audio language models are meant to answer questions from the audio itself, but an hour-long recording rarely fits in their context, and the answer often depends on a few seconds of it. Transcribing the recording first makes it fit but discards sounds and voices, while systems that return to the audio must be trained fo...

Ming-Hao Hsu, Shu-Jie Liu, Yuxuan Hu et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Typological Feature Induction as a Benchmark for Inductive Metalinguistic Reasoning

Existing metalinguistic reasoning benchmarks require both inference of rules and their application, making failures hard to diagnose. We introduce typological feature induction (TFI) which targets the former step. Given sentences in an unnamed language paired with translations in a known pivot language, models must pre...

Chen Zhang, Seth Aycock, Yusuke Miyao · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Nov 2026

The Min-Max theory of language behavior

The "Min-Max" theory of language behavior proposes that humans engage simultaneously in minimization of processing effort and maximization of information content, and that this is a primary driver in language evolution (Ring, 2025). This claim seeks to unify observations from language processing (Mahowald et al., 2013;...

Hiram Ring · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Do Multi-Turn Conversational Capabilities Carry Over from Text to Speech? A Parallel Multilingual Benchmark

Successful multi-turn voice interaction requires models to retain information from earlier turns, follow persistent instructions, and track revisions to conversational state. These abilities are usually evaluated from transcripts, leaving open whether successes demonstrated from text carry over when the same turns are...

Jiaming Zhou, Pei Zhang, Shiwan Zhao et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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