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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

GRPODropout: Less is More for Online Reinforcement Learning Rollouts

Reinforcement learning (RL) methods such as GRPO substantially improve large language model reasoning but often suffer from policy entropy collapse: the loss of sampling diversity weakens exploration and limits further improvement. Existing methods address this issue either through algorithm-level interventions, such a...

Hexuan Deng, Zi-Hao Yan, Xue-Bo Liu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Same Outcome, Different Evidence: Intent Recovery in LLM Safety Evaluation

Safety evaluations of large language models commonly summarize harmful-output behavior with attack success rate (ASR). Yet the same non-harmful outcome can arise for very different reasons. A model may recover a harmful task and refuse it, fail to recover the task, or respond to something else entirely. Distinguishing...

Haitong Jiang, Chunlin Liu, Sihan Tang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

DIAL-OPD: Learning More from Fewer Tokens in On-Policy Distillation

On-policy distillation (OPD) supervises student-generated trajectories with token-level teacher signals. Its sampled-token variant avoids the cost of full-vocabulary probabilities. Yet we find that training on fewer tokens can outperform full-token OPD, challenging the intuition that more supervision improves learning....

An-Hao Zhao, Hao-Ran Xin, Jun-Long Tong et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Large Language Model Turnover Undermines Screening for Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Scientific Writing

Journals and conferences have begun to screen submitted manuscripts for text written using large language models (LLMs). The reliability of this screening rests on benchmark evaluations against a fixed set of LLM versions, while the versions in actual use keep changing. Here we quantify how this LLM turnover affects th...

Kazuki Nakajima, Takayuki Mizuno · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Adapting English Quality Classifiers for Multilingual LLM Pretraining Data Selection

Recent advances in large language model (LLM) pretraining highlight the role of high-quality training data in improving performance. While model-based filtering has proven effective in selecting high-quality subsets from web-scale corpora, especially for high-resource languages, low-resource languages face challenges d...

Vinko Sabolcec, Bettina Messmer, Yassine Turki et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

SWE-Journey: Towards More Realistic Evaluation of Coding Assistants through Long-Horizon, Multi-Turn Interaction

Coding assistants such as Claude Code and Codex have become a major application of LLM agents, yet existing benchmarks remain far from real-world use, particularly in task horizon and interaction length. Code assistants require completing long chains of development work in continuously evolving repositories, while repe...

Hexuan Deng, Yue Wang, Wen-Yu Jiang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Constitutional Gating and Deterministic Recovery for Multi-Agent LLM Negotiation: Ablations Against a Stateful Adversarial Gatekeeper

Multi-agent LLM systems negotiating with a stateful counterpart waste model calls in three ways: polite loops that never meet the counterpart's hidden acceptance condition, malformed outputs that trigger retries, and compliance deadlocks in which the counterpart demands something the agent must refuse. We study a three...

Masaaki Nakatsu, Ren-Xiong Wang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

MetaEncoder: Exploring the Limit of Bi-Encoders for Multimodal System One Decision Making with Natural Language Interface

This work introduces MetaEncoder, which fine-tunes a pre-trained Muse-Glimmer 30B decoder into an instruction-following decision-making encoder, and employs a bi-encoder architecture trained via unidirectional contrastive learning for request-candidate alignment.

Jian-Peng Cheng, Guang-Yu Sun, Aashu Singh et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

REMORY: Learning Residual Memory for Context Compaction

Long-horizon agents compact their history to continue within a finite context window, but a textual summary alone may not support every subsequent decision. We introduce REMORY, a neural memory network that supplements the summary with a bounded sequence of soft memory tokens. Given the history and summary, the network...

Han-Chen Xia, Bao-You Chen, Yu-Tang Ge et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Gated Memory: Admission-Controlled Memory Formation for Conversational AI

Personalized conversational AI relies on long-term memory systems that extract facts from user utterances and store them in persistent vector stores. Despite progress in retrieval, deduplication, and lifecycle management, the formation stage, the moment a fact is first written to storage has received almost no principl...

Preeti Saraswat, Divya Neelagiri, A. Manoj · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

SafeInferCom: Safe Inference-Time Compute via Verifier-Guided Mid-Generation Intervention for Robotic Task Planning

Large Reasoning Language Models (LRLMs) enable multi-step reasoning for robotic task planning, but continued reasoning can overwrite valid intermediate plans or leave constraint violations unresolved, reducing planning reliability and wasting inference-time computation. We develop an inference-time monitor that exposes...

Wei-Zhe Xu, Jia-Liang Fan, Meng-Yu Liu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

RAG-Stress: Probing the Limits of Evidence Reliance in Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Following retrieved evidence does not guarantee factual correctness: misleading evidence can induce a model to replace an answer it previously gave correctly. Standard accuracy measures obscure this behavior by combining answer replacement with preexisting errors. We introduce RAG-Stress, a controlled diagnostic protoc...

Shun-Yuan Zhou, Hao Chen, Tian-Yu Wang et al. · 1 citation

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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