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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Text as an Index for Zero-Shot Cross-Domain Knowledge Tracing

Knowledge tracing (KT) predicts a student's next response from their history. New platforms often have question texts but no response logs for training, motivating zero-shot cross-domain KT. Existing transfer and cold-start methods use question semantics, but cross-platform semantic discrepancies limit transferability....

Yin Yi, Haiping Ma, Siyu Song et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Peeling the Matryoshka: Extracting Ontological Structure from Retrieval Embeddings

Taxonomy construction is essential for knowledge-intensive NLP yet remains costly: clustering-based methods (i) need careful per-corpus tuning and yield unstable hierarchies, while LLM-based pipelines (ii) depend on expensive task-specific training that does not transfer across domains. We report an empirical finding t...

Eunchan Kim, Inwhee Joe · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

From Training Exposure to Membership Evidence: A Controlled Study of OLMo 2

Whether a language model was trained on a document matters for copyright, privacy, and benchmark contamination. Yet most membership-inference (MI) evaluations on language models collect members and non-members after the fact, so success may reflect distribution shift and failure is inconclusive. We re-ran OLMo 2 1B's o...

A. Banaei, Muhammad Shahzad, Gerald Q. Maguire et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

BYOD: Build Your Own DLM - Efficient Autoregressive-to-Diffusion Language Model Conversion

Unlike autoregressive (AR) models, diffusion language models (DLMs) permit parallel token updates, flexible generation, and bidirectional attention, but leading systems rely on costly pretraining or full-model fine-tuning. We present Build Your Own DLM (BYOD), a generalizable LoRA-only recipe for parameter-efficient AR...

Ruurd J. A. Kuiper, Robert A. Bagheri · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

DAPS: Dependency-Aware Premise Selection for LLM Theorem Proving

DAPS, a dependency-aware premise selector with a structural neighborhood encoder, a group-level contrastive objective, and a Mathlib-then-Blueprint adaptation procedure is introduced, and experiments demonstrate that DAPS premises improve theorem proving on miniF2F and IMO-ProofBench.

Zi-Xuan Chen, Wen-Yuan Jiang, Jun-Ling Wang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

KV-Cache Patching: Tracing How and Where Fine-Tuned Behaviors Arise

Fine-tuning a language model changes how it responds, but where is this fine-tuned behavior instantiated? To better understand this, we evaluate whether the change in model behavior arises only during the generation of the answer tokens where the change manifests, or whether altered processing of previous tokens causes...

Jonas Loos, Oliver Eberle · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

A prospective randomized study of patient-centered AI for clinical visit preparation

Patients often arrive at brief, time-constrained clinical visits unsure of what to expect or ask, and millions of adults now turn to general-purpose AI chatbots to prepare beforehand. Yet whether conversational AI improves visit readiness remains unclear. We designed a large language model (LLM)-based visit preparation...

Xincheng Tan, Matthew Thompson, Xiang Ji et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Fewer Heads, Fewer Memories: Pruning Redundant Attention Heads Suppresses Verbatim Memorisation

It is demonstrated that zeroing out a substantial fraction of attention heads prior to inference can significantly suppress verbatim memorisation while preserving, or even improving, language modelling performance on the benchmark used to identify redundant heads.

Aryan Chowdhury, R. Batista-Navarro · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Mage-VL-Cowork: A Full Training Recipe to Learn Hybrid Computer Use From Evolved Harnesses

Effective computer-use agents (CUAs) should seamlessly combine visual GUI interaction with code and terminal execution within a single policy. We present Mage-VL-Cowork, a 4B hybrid CUA trained from a general multimodally aligned checkpoint through an end-to-end, progressive five-stage curriculum across midtraining, SF...

Xiaoyi Zhang, Haoqing Wang, Xinjie Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Apriel Voice 27B Preview: An Open Model for Speech, Reasoning, and Tool Use

A capable voice assistant must do more than recognize words; it must understand requests, reason over context, sustain conversations, and act through tools. We present Apriel Voice 27B Preview, an open speech-language model that unifies these capabilities within a shared reasoning backbone while retaining text and imag...

Aman Tiwari, Akshay Kalkunte, Akintunde Oladipo et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Li$^{2}$SAO: Lifting Light Singl-Rollout Asynchronous RL Optimization via Group-Relative Actor-Critic Bootstrapping

Asynchronous reinforcement learning (RL) is becoming a mainstream paradigm for post-training large language models (LLMs), as it improves training efficiency by updating the model as rollouts arrive. Recent work argues that group-wise sampling in GRPO does not naturally fit asynchronous RL training because rollout leng...

Zichen Bai, Yanli Wang, Yang Liu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Less Loss, Fixed Weights: Logit Corrections for Forgetting

When a language model is fine-tuned to follow instructions, or further pretrained on a new subject, it often gets worse at predicting standard web text. This is known as "forgetting." We ask whether this loss can be undone by simple, fixed adjustments to the model's final token predictions. Across 14 pairs of base and...

Hanyu Yang · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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