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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

EnergyCal: Taming Loss Spikes in Muon-Family Optimizers for Sparse MoE Training

Sparse mixture-of-experts (MoE) language-model training can exhibit large loss spikes with Muon-family optimizers. We introduce EnergyCal, a lightweight rule that attenuates routed-expert updates according to the normalized squared Frobenius norm of their finite-step Newton-Schulz directions. EnergyCal leaves the spect...

Masato Fujitake · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Exploring the Limits of the Delta Learning Hypothesis: Single-Pair Generator Biases in Direct Preference Optimization

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) typically relies on preference pairs generated from diverse model pools and ranked by an external LLM judge. The recently proposed delta-learning hypothesis suggests that comparable supervision can instead be obtained from a single pair of models by treating the larger model's respo...

G. Curci, S. Simonazzi, Andrea Molinari et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Zooming without Zooming v2: From Seeing Details to Connecting Evidence for Generalizable Multimodal Perception

Multimodal perception forms the foundation of multimodal intelligence. In particular, spatial perception and multimodal long-context understanding are two pivotal tasks that underpin embodied AI and multimodal agents. However, synthesizing targeted, high-quality training data for these tasks remains difficult and costl...

Lai Wei, Ya-Tai Li, Liang He et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

V-LUMEN: Visual Lookup Memory for Embedding Scaling in Vision-Language Models

Embedding-level scaling expands the capacity of language models through lookup-based memory rather than by increasing model depth, width, or dense computation. Extending this idea to vision-language models (VLMs) is challenging because visual features are continuous, spatially structured, and query-dependent, unlike di...

Miso Choi, Daekeun Kim, Eunji Kim et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Self-Keyed In-Parameter Memorization for External Memory-Free Dialogue Recall in Frozen Language Models

Self-keyed in-parameter memorization (SKIM), a closed-form method in which the model generates its own questions about each dialogue turn and writes those questions into its parameters as the keys that later retrieve the turn's content, is proposed.

Xin-Yu Piao, M. Ryu, Joongheon Kim et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Developing a Speech Language Model for Basque

Although the recent development of LLMs has paved the way for multi-modal interaction, minority languages face difficulties keeping pace. This work presents the first open Speech Language Model for Basque, designed for low-latency, end-to-end spoken interaction. Based on the LLaMA-Omni architecture, the system integrat...

Andoni Sudupe, Inma Hernaez, Ander Arriandiaga et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AdaGround: Token-Normalized Adaptive Zooming with Verifier-in-the-Loop Refinement for GUI Grounding

GUI grounding on high-resolution screens fails mostly on small targets, and zooming in is a common training-free remedy. However, most existing zooming pipelines do not match the zoom to the target's size, accept the zoomed answer unconditionally and never revisit a wrong answer. To address these issues, we propose Ada...

Bingchao Wang, Yongcheng Jing, Chengyu Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Select-TTT: Query-Conditioned Selective Fast Weight Updates for In-Place Test-Time Training

Test-time training (TTT) enables a deployed language model to internalize incoming context on-the-fly into a small set of fast-weight parameters, rather than merely treating it as transient context for attention. In-Place TTT recently made this idea practical for large language models by repurposing the down-projection...

Yue Wu, Yang Zhang, Wei-Nan Gan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Specialization, Diversity, and Scaling in Child-Scale Language Models

Modern language models are trained on far more language than children experience, but we know much less about learning from small, naturalistic datasets. We train small GPT-2 models on transcripts of speech with children from dense home recordings (BabyView) and on synthetic child-directed dialogue (TinyDialogues), var...

Steven Y. Feng, Michael C. Frank · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A Quantitative Approach to Asch Conformity in Frontier Large Language Models

The Asch conformity experiment has recently gained considerable attention as a way of measuring conformity in large language models (LLMs). While previous studies have focused on demonstrating conformity in LLMs, our work adds a further quantitative layer to this approach. Instead of sampling a frontier LLM on a suite...

Senthil Rajasekaran, Stylianos Loukas Vasileiou · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Balanced State Subspaces for Mamba-2 State Compression

Mamba-2 compresses all context into a fixed-size recurrent state that dominates decoding memory and bandwidth. Existing compressors quantize state values or prune state coordinates, scoring each channel independently in the native basis. We examine trained Mamba-2 states and find that energy is almost rank-one, but the...

Shang Tingyu, Cao Wenfei · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

RoboAuto: Autonomous Robot Program Search through Multi-Level Physical Understanding

This work introduces RoboAuto, a framework for robot program search that explicitly organizes physical understanding at the object, scene, and interaction levels through three components and shows that the knowledge base transfers across simulators and embodiments, and that program search performance scales with its si...

Bu-Zhao Liu, Jia-Ning Ye, Xiu Yuan et al. · 1 citation

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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