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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#artificial intelligence Review Oct 2026

Do AI Scientists Know What's New?

ClaimNov is introduced, a fine-grained, interpretable claim-level novelty module that catches 97% of disguised papers at a 1.5% false-alarm rate, and cuts the LLM judge's false alarms from 11.8% to 1.5%.

Miri Liu, Xi-Yu Zhao, En-Cheng Xie et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SOMA: A Benchmark for Fine-Grained Egocentric Behavior and Body-Motion Understanding

Perceiving human body motion is critical for multimodal systems that understand and assist people. Yet current evaluations of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) largely focus on objects, scenes, and coarse actions, leaving their ability to reason about the body itself poorly assessed. This is especially challengi...

Matea Tashkovska, Na\"el Ouerghemi, Haozhe Qi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Base Models Can Detect Hidden Intentions that Prompted Classifiers Miss

The Persona Selection Model (PSM) posits that post-training selects a persona the model learned during pre-training. Work on subliminal learning has shown that models can impart covert signals (like "love of owls") into semantically unrelated outputs like strings of numbers, and that students trained on these outputs i...

Oz Amram · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

How Much Does the Hint Matter? Scope Conditions for Hindsight Self-Distillation in Financial Reasoning

Financial institutions operating under data-residency constraints are restricted to open-weight models small enough to locally host, which trail frontier systems on multi-step quantitative reasoning. On-policy distillation narrows such gaps by supervising a student on its own rollouts, but traditional OPD requires a st...

Johnny Yu, Cyril Gorlla · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

MedJev: Evaluating Zero-Shot System-One Decision Making in Medicine

These findings establish open System One models as a promising zero shot baseline for medical AI, combining competitive predictive performance with low computational cost and efficient local calibration, and introduce a lightweight, two parameter recalibration method.

Simon A. Lee, Jia-Hang Sha, M. Jeong et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SCOPE: Source Credibility and Outlet Profiling Engine

We present SCOPE, a multi-agent system for profiling news media outlets with respect to bias, factuality, and credibility. Given an outlet URL, SCOPE coordinates specialized agents for article acquisition, content analysis, external evidence search, scoring, and report generation. The system follows an MBFC-style metho...

Ilyas Nagiyev, Miras Baisbay, Daniil Orel et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ReCoPII: A Relation-Grounded Framework for Building Contextual PII Masking Datasets

Training contextual masking systems for personally identifiable information (PII) requires examples distinguishing maskable from preservable mentions of one entity type, but privacy restrictions limit access to real data. Author-based augmentation (SPY) labels mentions unrelated to the author as non-PII, presuming a si...

Taehwan Lee · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Physiognomy Revisited: How Vision-Language Models Encode Sensitive Attributes Through Image Transformation

Emergent generative AI technologies, while remarkably beneficial across several tasks and domains, can suffer from unforeseen vulnerabilities and difficult-to-anticipate failure modes. Such failure modes can disparately affect vulnerable communities. This paper investigates two well-known vision language models (VLMs)...

Soumyajit Datta, Arka Dutta, Ashiqur R. KhudaBukhsh · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Rare, Relevant, and Still Wrong: How Memory Fails LLM Group Decisions

When an LLM group's discussion is compressed into a short memory for a final decision maker, what should the memory keep? Two natural heuristics keep the rarest claims or the claims relevant to the decision criteria. On hidden-profile tasks both look attractive, because how widely a fact is held is confounded with whet...

Anouar Imel, Imad Charradi, Abderrahman Sghir et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Prospector: learning a compact graph traversal policy for scientific reasoning

Scientific reasoning in specialized engineering fields depends on knowledge scattered across the literature, often proprietary and absent from frontier LLM training data. In such domains, frontier models tend to give generic answers. Knowledge graphs (KGs) can ground LLM reasoning. Because a graph is too large to provi...

Haiqian Yang, Markus J. Buehler · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Guided-RLVR: Guided Exploration in Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has shown strong empirical gains in improving the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) on tasks such as mathematics and programming. However, recent studies have shown that RLVR rollouts often collapse onto a narrow set of reasoning trajectories, limiti...

Bo Yang, Zishuai Zhang, Weihua Li et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SpectRAG: Weighted Chunk Graphs for Token-Budgeted Context Selection in Multi-Hop Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems ground large language models (LLMs) by retrieving external evidence and conditioning generation on the retrieved context. Although dense retrieval is effective for local semantic matching, independently ranked retrieval can return redundant passages, miss cross-chunk depende...

Zafer Sahinoglu, Abdulazeez Mohammed, Buse Yaren Kazangirler et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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