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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Stylistic Evolution and LLM Neutrality in Singlish Language

Singlish is a creole rooted in Singapore's multilingual environment that continues to evolve alongside social and technological change. We examine diachronic stylistic change across a decade of informal digital messages and ask whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate temporally neutral outputs approximating t...

Linus Tze En Foo, Weihan Angela Ng, Wenkai Li et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Toward Global Large Language Models in Medicine

Despite continuous advances in medical technology, the global distribution of health care resources remains uneven. The development of large language models (LLMs) has transformed the landscape of medicine and holds promise for improving health care quality and expanding access to medical information globally. However,...

Rui Yang, Huitao Li, Weihao Xuan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Do Latent Tokens Think? A Causal and Adversarial Analysis of Chain-of-Continuous-Thought

Latent tokens are gaining attention for enhancing reasoning in large language models (LLMs), yet their internal mechanisms remain unclear. This paper examines the problem from a reliability perspective, uncovering fundamental weaknesses: latent tokens function as uninterpretable placeholders rather than encoding faithf...

Yuyi Zhang, Boyu Tang, Tianjie Ju et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Role-aware Heuristic Episodic Attention for Conversational LLMs

Large language models often lose track of persistent instructions and relevant information as multi-turn conversations grow. We study this cumulative contextual decay through three related failure modes: attention pollution, dilution, and drift. We propose REA(Role-aware Heuristic Episodic Attention), a context-managem...

Wanyang Hong, Zhaoning Zhang, Yi Chen et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Think Parallax: Solving Multi-Hop Problems via Multi-View Knowledge-Graph-Based Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Large language models (LLMs) still struggle with multi-hop reasoning over knowledge-graphs (KGs), and we identify a previously overlooked structural reason for this difficulty: Transformer attention heads naturally specialize in distinct semantic relations across reasoning stages, forming a hop-aligned relay pattern. T...

Jinliang Liu, Jiale Bai, Shaoning Zeng · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Hierarchical Alignment: Block-Level LoRA-DPO for Preference Tuning in Large Language Models

Preference tuning typically distributes adapter updates across every Transformer layer. We study how the placement of a fixed LoRA budget affects Direct Preference Optimization (DPO). Hierarchical Alignment partitions decoder depth into Local, Intermediate, and Global regions and restricts LoRA updates to a chosen cont...

Yishen Chen, Qi Dong, Yukun Zhang · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Advancing the Pareto Frontier of Test-Time Scaling with Multi-Path Plan Aggregation

Test-time scaling seeks to improve reasoning through additional inference-time computation, commonly using solution sampling with majority voting to select the final answer. However, repeated sampling can reproduce correlated errors, limiting the accuracy gains from additional computation. We introduce Multi-Path Plan...

Siheng Xiong, Ali Payani, Faramarz Fekri · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Circuit Distillation

Model distillation typically focuses on behavioral mimicry, where a student model is trained to replicate a teacher's output while treating its internal computations as a black box. In this work we propose an alternative approach: Distilling the underlying computational mechanisms implemented by a teacher model. Specif...

Somin Wadhwa, Silvio Amir, Byron C. Wallace · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SimulSense: Sense-Driven Interpreting for Efficient Simultaneous Speech Translation

How to make human-interpreter-like read/write decisions for simultaneous speech translation (SimulST) systems? Current state-of-the-art systems formulate SimulST as a multi-turn dialogue task, requiring specialized interleaved training data and relying on computationally expensive large language model (LLM) inference f...

Haotian Tan, Hiroki Ouchi, Sakriani Sakti · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

KnowMT-Bench: Benchmarking Knowledge-Intensive Long-Form Question Answering in Multi-Turn Dialogues

Multi-Turn Long-Form Question Answering (MT-LFQA) is a key application paradigm of Large Language Models (LLMs) in knowledge-intensive domains. However, existing benchmarks are limited to single-turn dialogue, while multi-turn dialogue benchmarks typically assess other orthogonal capabilities rather than knowledge-inte...

Junhao Chen, Yu Huang, Siyuan Li et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Large Language Model probabilities cannot reliably distinguish between possible and impossible language

A controversial test for Large Language Models concerns the ability to discern possible from impossible language. While some evidence attests to the models sensitivity to what crosses the limits of grammatically impossible language, this evidence has been contested on the grounds of the soundness of the testing materia...

Evelina Leivada, Raquel Montero, Paolo Morosi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Robust and Fine-Grained Detection of AI Generated Texts

An ideal detection system for machine generated content is supposed to work well on any generator as many more advanced LLMs come into existence day by day. Existing systems often struggle with accurately identifying AI-generated content over shorter texts. Further, not all texts might be entirely authored by a human o...

Ram Mohan Rao Kadiyala, Siddartha Pullakhandam, Kanwal Mehreen et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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