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3,243 papers
Distillation of reasoning chains from Large Language Models (LLMs) into their smaller siblings is a standard training approach. Frequently, researchers do not have full access to a teacher model and its internal representations, which limits the resulting performance. We propose a recursive offline distillation method...
Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are typically trained on hundreds of millions to billions of activation tokens, yet little work has tested whether this scale is necessary. We study how much activation data SAEs need by training four SAE architectures on three language models with budgets ranging from 5M tokens to a 500M-tok...
Significant efforts are currently being directed toward the implementation of large-scale quantum information processors, but realizing useful quantum advantage also requires the development of efficient quantum algorithms. While for many practical problems the dominant resource costs are associated with a small set of...
Step-level guards decide, before each tool call, whether an agent's next action is safe given the user's request and the trajectory so far. Users write those requests in many languages, while guard prompts and the benchmarks on which purpose-built guards are trained and evaluated are English. We ask whether a guard's v...
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Test-time context optimization adapts frozen language models through textual feedback, but ordinary conditional generation provides no separate control over how strongly to reinforce the distributional changes induced by a context update. We introduce EMO, a training-free framework inspired by expectation--maximization...
Muon's gains in data efficiency motivate evaluating its performance under explicit data, time, and tuning budgets. On a single A100 GPU, we compare a reference single-device Muon implementation with AdamW across 17.7M- and 33.6M-parameter causal language models and 2.70M-parameter vision transformers. A common 23-candi...
Large language model agents solve tasks through long sequences of tool calls, and the prevailing design has a single strong model generate every step, although many steps are routine enough for a much smaller model. Existing ways of sharing this work keep the strong model as the generator: routers and collaborative age...
With the expansion of pre-trained language model usage in recent years, the importance of datasets for performing tasks in specialized domains has significantly increased. Therefore, we have built a Korean dataset called ESG-Kor to automatically extract Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) information, which has...
Large language models (LLMs) often make discrete decisions, such as flagging phishing or escalating to a human. System-1 models, such as Jev and the OpenAI Decisions API, return probabilities over options in a single forward pass, while System-2 approaches generate reasoning steps. Which decisions can System-1 models h...
Cybersecurity interviews uncover critical security experiences, behaviors, and privacy concerns often not fully captured by conventional technical assessments. Consequently, identifying genuine self-disclosures is challenging because statements are context-dependent, categories overlap, and automated interpretations ma...
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used upstream of decision-making to clean data, detect label errors, and reconstruct missing values. Yet LLM-assisted data curation creates a new operational tradeoff: higher-fidelity models and richer prompts can be substantially more expensive, while the value of this add...
When does a language model acquire a capability? Developmental studies usually answer this by tracking when models start producing the correct token. But that prediction passes through the unembedding matrix, or readout, which is itself still being learned during pretraining. We show that a model's hidden states can en...
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A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.
Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.
We’re on a journey to advance and democratize artificial intelligence through open source and open science.
Learn how Google DeepMind and GovTech Singapore uses lightweight on-device Gemma models to intercept conversational scams in private chats with zero cloud data egress.
We’re giving developers, enterprises, scientists, and consumers access to Gemini 4 Argon, our latest frontier model.
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