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Rubrics as Metacognitive Tools in Flipped Classrooms and Self-Regulated Learning in Higher Education

Aug 2026 · Educação & Formação · Vol 11, pp. e17901 · 0 citations

Abstract

Introduction. The Flipped Classroom model shifts the initial contact with instructional content to the pre-class phase, requiring greater student autonomy and self-regulation, although insufficient preparation continues to hinder learning outcomes. Methodology. This study analyzed the use of rubrics to guide pre-class preparation through a mixed-methods, descriptive-exploratory design involving 29 engineering students. Data were collected using an analytical rubric and an open-ended question, and analyzed through descriptive statistics (α = 0.85) and Descending Hierarchical Classification supported by IRaMuTeQ. Results. Improvements were observed in alignment with learning objectives, study organization, and academic planning. Discussion. Rubrics functioned as metacognitive scaffolds, strengthening feedback processes and self-regulation, thereby highlighting their potential as pedagogical tools within formative assessment in active learning contexts.

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