IDEOLOGI MUHAMMADIYAH DAN IMPLEMENTASI PRAKTIS KEPUTUSAN ORGANISASI TENTANG 5 KHITTAH DALAM KEHIDUPAN BERMASYARAKAT DI ERA MODERN

Abstract

Muhammadiyah has long stood as one of the most influential Islamic organizations in Indonesia. Since its founding in 1912, the organization has built a strong ideological identity one that finds its operational expression in five guiding principles collectively known as the 5 Khittah. These principles emerged from successive national congresses held in Palembang (1956), Ponorogo (1969), Ujung Pandang (1971), Surabaya (1978), and Denpasar (2002). This paper examines how Muhammadiyah's ideology functions in practice through the implementation of the 5 Khittah, particularly amid the challenges of contemporary life. Drawing on a qualitative library research method, the study engages with official organizational documents, academic literature, and relevant scientific articles. The findings suggest that Muhammadiyah's ideology, rooted in the Qur'an and Sunnah, manifests through a tajdid spirit that balances purification with progress. Rather than remaining mere declarations, the five khittah serve as living guidelines that drive concrete social programs in education, health, and community welfare. At the same time, the pull of partisan politics, the pressures of globalization, and the weakening of ideological understanding among younger members present challenges that cannot be overlooked. Strengthening cadre formation, harnessing digital media for outreach, and embedding khittah values more deeply into organizational culture are essential for Muhammadiyah to remain steadfast in its mission.