The Impact of Regular Cycling on Cardiovascular Health: A Review of Current Evidence

Abstract

Introduction. Cycling is an accessible form of aerobic physical activity that can be used for recreation, active transport, prevention, and rehabilitation. Aim. To evaluate the relationship between regular cycling and cardiovascular risk factors, vascular function, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality. Methods. A structured narrative review of studies published from 2017 to August 2026 was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, supplemented by publisher records and reference lists. Cohort studies, randomized trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were considered. Results. Cycling was associated with lower CVD incidence and cardiovascular mortality in large observational cohorts and meta-analyses. Evidence also supports favorable effects of aerobic exercise on endothelial function, arterial stiffness, blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Cycle ergometry is a useful modality in structured cardiac rehabilitation. Conclusions. Regular cycling is associated with favorable cardiovascular outcomes and can contribute to prevention, active-transport strategies, and supervised rehabilitation.