IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN LAYANAN USAHA KESEHATAN SEKOLAH (UKS) BERBASIS DIGITAL DALAM PENDIDIKAN INKLUSIF
Abstract
ABSTRACT Digital transformation in School Health Unit (Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah/UKS) services has the potential to improve the effectiveness of health service management while supporting inclusive education. However, its implementation still faces challenges, including fragmented health records, limited human resources, infrastructure, and digital competencies. This study aimed to describe the implementation of digital-based UKS service management in inclusive education at SMK Negeri 2 Mataram, examine the implementation of digital systems, and identify supporting and inhibiting factors. This study employed a qualitative approach using a case study design. Informants were purposively selected and consisted of the principal, UKS officer, teachers, homeroom teachers, and students with special needs. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation and analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The findings showed that UKS service management was implemented through planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. Digital systems using computers and digital files facilitated health recordkeeping and data access, while WhatsApp supported coordination. Implementation was supported by staff commitment, communication, school support, and collaboration with the community health center, but constrained by infrastructure, digital competency, data integration, budget, and accessibility limitations. Developing an integrated system, standard operating procedures, digital competencies, data security, and accessible facilities is necessary to strengthen inclusive UKS services. ABSTRAK Transformasi digital dalam layanan Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah (UKS) berpotensi meningkatkan efektivitas pengelolaan layanan kesehatan sekaligus mendukung penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusif. Namun, implementasinya masih menghadapi kendala berupa belum terintegrasinya pencatatan kesehatan, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, infrastruktur, dan kompetensi digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi manajemen layanan UKS berbasis digital dalam pendidikan inklusif di SMK Negeri 2 Mataram, mengkaji penerapan sistem digital, serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat implementasinya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Informan dipilih secara purposive dan terdiri atas kepala sekolah, petugas UKS, guru, wali kelas, dan siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen layanan UKS telah dilaksanakan melalui perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, dan pengawasan. Sistem digital berupa komputer dan file digital membantu pencatatan serta akses data kesehatan, sedangkan WhatsApp mendukung koordinasi. Implementasi didukung komitmen SDM, komunikasi, dukungan sekolah, dan kerja sama puskesmas, tetapi terhambat keterbatasan infrastruktur, kompetensi digital, integrasi data, anggaran, dan aksesibilitas. Pengembangan sistem terintegrasi, SOP, kompetensi digital, keamanan data, serta sarana yang aksesibel diperlukan untuk memperkuat layanan UKS inklusif.