Ciudadanía incierta y el declive del ‘sueño chileno’: migración, residencia y organización social de migrantes haitianos/as en Santiago de Chile (2006-2025)

Abstract

Resumen The article analyzes the spaces of emerging citizenship of Haitian people who live in Santiago de Chile, as well as their forms of social organization. Through field work carried out between the years 2018 and early 2025 with an ethnographic methodology, a nascent autonomy is observed in Haitian residents in the communes of Quilicura and Estación Central - and especially in the peripheral commune of Quilicura - which we investigate here based on the understanding of the dynamics of social incorporation and roots or not of migrants: uncertain citizenship, ethnic borders and urban relegation. The results conclude that Haitian migrants report being discriminated against for racist reasons and undervalued for their national origin, within the framework of an asymmetric multiculturalism that does not accept them as equals in political-social terms. The creation and growing participation in Afro-descendant associations that act as intermediary structures is confirmed. Currently, there are few publications that analyze the experiences of Haitians in Greater Santiago, considering their practices and strategies in the face of situations of contempt experienced; In this way, the article hopes to contribute to a better understanding of the coexistence between nationals and Haitians in Chile.