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artificial intelligence

20,463 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Complementing DINO Features with Image Structure for Part Discovery

Part-DINO is introduced, a training-free framework that combines boundaries from low-level image segmentation with DINO's semantic features, and produces structurally coherent part assignments, outperforming training-free baselines across four standard benchmarks and remaining competitive with weakly-supervised and uns...

Samyak Rawlekar, Nikhil Chowdary Paleti, Amey Gupta et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

"Not" is Not Lost in Translation: A Causal Analysis of Negation Representations in Multilingual LLMs

Negation occurs in every language, yet its surface realization differs drastically. Despite this, multilingual large language models (LLMs) translate negation robustly, raising the question of whether they share an underlying representation of negation across languages. We study this question in six open models across...

Giang Son Nguyen, Wray Buntine, Dung D. Le et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Tokamak-SI: Interpreting Tokamak Discharges with Labeled Catalogs

Finding which phenomena occur in a tokamak discharge, and when, is often a manual task. Previous efforts at labeling events have been task-specific, each with its own corpus of data. We introduce Tokamak-SI, which combines the labels and labeling methods of many earlier studies into a single scalable, time-aligned, and...

Nathaniel Chen, Alvin Garcia, Ricardo Shousha et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Beyond Pattern Matching in 3D MLLMs: Part-Level Functional Reasoning for Generalizable Recognition

3D MLLMs recognize objects via pattern matching, which fails when geometrically similar objects require functional reasoning to disambiguate (e.g., dresser vs. wardrobe). Our per-sample Geometric Confusion Score (GCS) exposes this failure: baseline accuracy is 33.7% on ModelNet40's most ambiguous 20% versus 84.0% on it...

Weihong Li, Hao Jiang, Yaohua Zha et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Heterogeneous Space Data Centers: A Key Paradigm for Future Non-Terrestrial and In-Orbit Services

Lower space-launch cost and advances in AI are driving space-based data centers (SDCs) that provide AI-centric computing and communication services to in-orbit and non-terrestrial assets. However, architectural principles, service models, and energy provisioning for such SDCs, particularly in low-Earth orbit (LEO), rem...

Peng Hu, Mustafa Alhassan, Amjad Iqbal · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Representation Learning via Composite Subspace Flow Matching

Distilling semantic meaning from raw image data remains a challenge in machine learning. Current self-supervised paradigms face a trade-off: joint-embedding architectures produce relevant features by aggressively discarding intra-class variance, irreversibly spatial and reconstruction. Conversely, generative models pre...

J. Afonso, Mário A. T. Figueiredo · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Anti-coherence Regularized Absolute Scaling for Out-of-Distribution Detection

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is recognized as a critical problem in AI safety. SCALE is an effective post-hoc OOD detection method in the activation-shaping family that requires no training data and rescales penultimate activations using a percentile-based magnitude ratio. However, this ratio is ill-defined when...

Donghwan Kim, Youngwoong Jin, Hyunsoo Yoon · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Easy-3Dfy: Object-Level Geometric Composition for Single-Image 3D Scene Construction

Single-image 3D scene construction is a fundamental problem in 3D vision. Recent methods such as SAM-3Dfy enable end-to-end reconstruction of 3D assets and their scene layouts, but still struggle with fine-grained scene geometry and asset quality. Meanwhile, specialized 3D object generators provide detailed object geom...

Ziang Zhang, Wen-You Yi, Zehan Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Head Dimension Matters in Language Models for Long-Context Retrieval

Multi-head attention retrieves and combines context representations through query--key interactions and value aggregation, with head dimension constraining the per-head representation space. In long-context processing, it remains unclear whether allocating a fixed parameter budget to fewer, wider heads improves informa...

Seiya Tokui, Shoichiro Yamaguchi, Sosuke Kobayashi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

SOPO: Socratic Guided Policy Optimization for Span-Level Hallucination Detection

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread adoption in various natural language processing tasks, but suffer from hallucination issues where they generate unfaithful or inconsistent content. While Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has shown promising applications in reasoning tasks, its app...

Jia-Wei Dong, Zi-Long Bai, Peng-Tian Zhu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Do VLAs Know They Will Fail? Interpretable Success and Failure Patterns in Physical AI Systems

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as powerful general-purpose robot policies, but their successes and failures remain difficult to diagnose and understand. In this work, we show that sparse autoencoder (SAE) representations of OpenVLA activations contain outcome-predictive information and can be used to...

Christian A. Rogers, Qian Lin, Daniel S. Brown · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Principia: Test-Time Hypotheses to Principle Construction for Scientific Discovery

Scientific discovery requires identifying the scientific principles underlying observed phenomena to guide further investigation. As these empirical principles are often unknown in complex discovery processes, they are constructed via a hypotheses-to-principle pipeline to obtain recurring causalities from progressively...

Dongki Kim, Sangwoo Park, Jinheon Baek et al. · 0 citations

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