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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Attention-Aligned Reasoning for Large Language Models

Large Language Models (LLMs) tend to generate a long reasoning chain when solving complex tasks. However, as the reasoning chain extends, critical intermediate steps and the original prompt will be buried in the context, receiving insufficient attention and leading to errors. In this work, we present ATAR, a novel reas...

Hongxiang Zhang, Yuan Tian, Tianyi Zhang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Review May 2025

A Survey of Generative Categories and Techniques in Multimodal Generative Models

This survey categorises six primary text-conditioned generative modalities and examines how four techniques, namely self-supervised learning, mixture of experts, reinforcement learning from human feedback, and chain-of-thought prompting, are adapted across them, distinguishing shared mechanisms from experimentally supp...

Longzhen Han, Awes Mubarak, Almas Baimagambetov et al. · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Mar 2023

Typhoon: Gradient-Based Task-Specific Masking for Masked Language Models

Typhoon, a masking strategy that uses the gradient of the MLM loss with respect to one-hot token inputs to estimate online how much each token type contributes to the objective, is introduced and evaluated against random masking and whole-word masking.

Bruce Changlong Xu, Muhammed Shahir Abdurrahman, Hashem Elezabi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

From Outcomes to Components: A Counterfactual Evaluation Framework for LLM-Proposed Repairs

A counterfactual evaluation framework that separates selected records (targets) from the applied change (an update) is introduced and four executions combine proposed and reference targets and updates to measure the effects of correcting or retaining each component and their interaction.

Heng-Yu Ye, Song-Hua Hu · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

VibeTraining-Bench: Data-Trainer-Harness Co-Design for Iterative System Improvement

Recursive self-improvement (RSI) requires agents to diagnose system bottlenecks and coordinate improvements across training and inference. We refer to the agents' capability to jointly optimize training data, the trainer, and the inference harness as cross-component co-design. We introduce VibeTraining-Bench, a benchma...

Ruotian Peng, Yuanyi Ren, Shuaiqi Liu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Shape of Wisdom: How Language Models Converge on an Answer

When a language model answers a factual question, where does its internal state go? We asked four open models (Llama-3.1-8B, Qwen2.5-7B, Gemma-2-9B and Llama-3.2-1B) 2,256 factual questions whose answers recur, such as the country a person is a citizen of. At every layer, we recorded the state from which the answer is...

Shailesh Rana · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Benchmarking Arabic Dialects for Math Problems

Mathematical reasoning remains underexplored for low-resource languages, including Dialectal Arabic. To bridge this gap, we introduce the DAR-MGSM (Dialectal Arabic Multilingual Grade School Math) Benchmark, the first manually curated benchmark for evaluating mathematical reasoning in Dialectal Arabic. DAR-MGSM consist...

Noor Abo Mokh, Teresa Lynn, N. Habash et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Capable Teacher, Myopic Scorer: Reward-Free Teacher Repair for Agentic On-Policy Distillation

Agentic on-policy distillation (OPD) trains a student agent on its own trajectories while a teacher scores every token. A natural explanation of where it goes wrong is compounding error: the student's mistakes carry its trajectories beyond the region where the teacher is reliable, so recent methods keep training inside...

Shu Zhao, Tan Yu · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Large Flow Language Models

Continuous flow language models offer a path to parallel generation with tools for control and acceleration unavailable to discrete diffusion, yet effective techniques for building them at the billion-parameter scale remain less established. We present Lafa (Large flow language model), a fast, high-performing flow lang...

Arnav Chavan, Chanhyuk Lee, Udbhav Bamba et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Binary Discrete Diffusion: Candidate-Set Diffusion for Logic and Planning Tasks

Discrete diffusion models iteratively denoise a noisy sequence of categorical data such as text, enabling any-order generation with self-correction and in-filling capabilities. This makes them promising candidates for reasoning, planning, and constrained-generation tasks like coding and math. Yet masked and uniform dif...

Rodrigo Casado Noguerales, Dimitri von R\"utte, Bernhard Sch\"olkopf et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

BitMTP: When Multi-Token Prediction Meets Low-Bit Large Language Models

For efficient deployment of large language models (LLMs), methods of ultra-low-bit backbones reduce weight storage, memory traffic, and linear-layer execution cost, while multi-token prediction (MTP) methods reduce sequential decoding steps by predicting multiple future tokens in parallel. Although complementary, the d...

Ning Zhang, Shihao Wang, Jinrui Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Every Model Leaves a Trace: Multi-Resolution LLM Fingerprinting

Large language models leave model-specific traces in their generated text, but it remains unclear how finely these fingerprints can distinguish related models and which signals remain informative as obvious cues are reduced. We study this through fingerprint resolution, considering both model resolution, from different...

Mohammad Reza Modarres, Armin Tourajmehr, Artin Tavasoli et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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