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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PragReST: Self-Reinforcing Counterfactual Reasoning for Pragmatic Language Understanding

Natural language understanding often depends on meanings that are implied rather than explicitly stated, requiring pragmatic reasoning. Despite strong performance on math and logical reasoning, large language models (LLMs) still struggle with making pragmatic inferences, often choosing literal interpretations. To impro...

Jihyung Park, Minchao Huang, Leqi Liu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

TimpaTeks: Automatic In-place Text Sequence Modification via Diffusion Language Model Steering

We extend activation steering to diffusion language models (DLMs) and study a novel problem that arose due to the inference mechanism of DLMs: Modifying a text in-place to manifest a different concept. We propose TimpaTeks, an automatic in-place text modification mechanism using DLMs. Experiments on IMDB movie reviews...

Ryandito Diandaru, Ahmed Elshabrawy, Fadli Aulawi Al Ghiffari et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Mitigating Cross-Lingual Cultural Inconsistencies in LLMs via Consensus-Driven Preference Optimisation

Multilingual large language models (MLLMs) often answer culturally ambiguous questions inconsistently across languages, even for a fixed user persona -- e.g., Shakespeare in English but Cervantes in Spanish for the same British user. To robustly quantify this Cross-lingual Cultural Inconsistency, we introduce Singleton...

Lucas Resck, Isabelle Augenstein, Anna Korhonen · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Chameleon's Limit: Investigating Persona Collapse and Homogenization in Large Language Models

Large language models (LLMs) have powered multi-agent simulations such as survey respondents or application users. However, LLMs lack the population-level diversity required by these simulations---responses from LLMs with detailed human profiles cluster into classes, unlike human responses that uniformly fill the entir...

Yunze Xiao, Vivienne J. Zhang, Chenghao Yang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Algorithmic Primitives of Theory of Mind Benchmarks

Do Theory of Mind (ToM) benchmarks really test theory of mind, or are they actually testing parsing and algorithmic state tracking? While benchmarks vary modality and dialogue length, this paper finds that they re-encode the same few state transition algorithms. We create PDDL-Mind, a neuro-symbolic approach that recov...

Qiutong Tony Yi, Wang Bill Zhu, Robin Jia et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

OmniTrace: A Unified Framework for Generation-Time Source Attribution in Omni-Modal LLMs

An omni-modal language model can answer a question about a multimodal document, a recording, or a video, but it cannot show which part of the input the answer came from. Asking the model to cite its evidence yields what it says it used; measuring what it used has so far required rerunning it many times with parts of th...

Qianqi Yan, Yichen Guo, Ching-Chen Kuo et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Language Model Goal Selection Differs from Humans' in a Self-Directed Learning Task

Whether in agentic workflows, social studies, or chat settings, large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being asked to replace humans in choosing which goals to pursue, rather than completing predefined tasks. However, the assumption that LLMs accurately reflect human preferences for goal setting remains largely...

Gaia Molinaro, Dave August, Danielle Perszyk et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

LLMs Think with DAGs: Probing the Latent Graph Structure of Reasoning

Large language models often externalize reasoning as linear chains, but many reasoning problems can be more naturally modeled as directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), where intermediate conclusions branch, merge, and are reused. Whether such graph structure is reflected in model internals remains unclear. We introduce Reason...

Tianjun Zhong, Linyang He, Ziyang Li et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Is MT Ready for the Next Crisis or Pandemic?

Communication in times of crisis is essential. However, there is often a mismatch between the language of governments, aid providers, doctors, and those to whom they are providing aid. It is reasonable to turn to commercial MT tools in these scenarios. But how effective are these tools for translating to and from low r...

Vipasha Bansal, William D. Lewis, Nicole Mihaylova et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Beyond Consensus: Perspectivist Modeling and Evaluation of Annotator Disagreement in NLP

Annotator disagreement is widespread in NLP, particularly for subjective and ambiguous tasks such as toxicity detection and stance analysis. While early approaches treated disagreement as noise to be removed, recent work increasingly models it as a meaningful signal reflecting variation in interpretation and perspectiv...

Yinuo Xu, David Jurgens · 0 citations
#natural language process... Open access Dec 2025

Toward Human-Centered AI-Assisted Terminology Work

A human-centered orientation is necessary to ensure that AI strengthens, rather than undermines, the essential role of terminology work in supporting specialized communication and the accurate transmission of knowledge across languages and cultures.

Antonio San Martín · 2 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Sample, Align, Synthesize: Graph-Based Response Synthesis with ConGrs

Language models can be sampled multiple times to access the distribution underlying their responses, but existing methods cannot efficiently synthesize rich epistemic signals across different long-form responses. We introduce Consensus Graphs (ConGrs), a flexible DAG-based data structure that represents shared informat...

Sayan Ghosh, Shahzaib Saqib Warraich, Dhruv Tarsadiya et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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