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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

TokenEconomizer: Experience-Driven Black-Box Cost Control for Coding Agents

Advances in frontier coding agents have sharply increased the token costs of AI-assisted software engineering. Their token efficiency is typically evaluated on isolated tasks, whereas real-world developers use them to continuously build, update, and maintain large-scale projects. This mismatch motivates us to evaluate...

Aaron J. Li, Weijia Xu, Chandan Singh et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ARBOR: Locating Reasoning Failures in Long Chains of Thought through Reasoning State Tracking

Large reasoning models solve complex problems through long chains of thought, in which prior work has documented failure modes such as overthinking, underthinking, and unsupported deductions. Existing methods detect these failures from local signals: textual similarity to nearby steps, switch tokens, or an LLM's judgme...

Huihan Li, Siyuan Wang, Naga Vamsi Ramana Dinavahi et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

First Passage Attention

First Passage Attention (FPA), which shifts from path summation to path extrema by lowering a key's logit proportionally to the deepest dip of a learned scalar field below that key's level over the intervening span, is proposed.

Yuxuan Liu · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Explore Separately, Adopt Selectively: Execution-Guided Tool Use over Large Tool Libraries

Large language model agents must discover relevant tools from large libraries, e.g., thousands of tools, as new needs arise during task execution. When several candidates could satisfy the same need, execution may be required to identify the relevant one. Investigating candidates in a shared trajectory can leave altern...

Anna Mazhar, Seiji Maekawa, Nikita Bhutani · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Multimodal Filesystem Memory For Long-Horizon Embodied Agents

Agents operating over long horizons need an effective memory that allows them to reuse their experience throughout long interactions. If the entire history of an interaction is retained, it becomes difficult to find the relevant experience, while compressing it into summaries may result in the loss of visual and spatia...

Chloe Su, Jiahan Li, Zhenting Qi et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ProPerAgent: Toward Memory-Driven Proactive Assistance

As assistants move from reactive answering toward proactive intervention, memory changes role: it no longer only supplies the answer to a query, it determines whether and when to speak at all. Prior work in this setting hands the system the relevant fact in context; we study the regime that makes the problem hard, wher...

Shenglai Zeng, Xiao Yang, Tiffany Ma et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Secondhand Stress: How Stressful Disclosures Affect Psychosocial Wellbeing in Online Graduate Admissions Communities

Online communities provide spaces for individuals navigating stressful life transitions to disclose difficulties and seek peer support. Yet encountering others' distress may also have psychosocial implications for community members. Drawing on stress crossover theory, we examine how engagement with peer distress during...

Veda Duddu, Agam Goyal, Sabelle Huang et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

Evidence-Gated Bilingual RAG for Reliable Consumer Banking Search

An evidence-gated bilingual retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework for consumer banking search that operates entirely on local infrastructure and combines structured web-content refinement, hybrid dense-lexical retrieval, intent-aware evidence selection, cross-encoder reranking, and a three-outcome Answer / Rel...

Ahmed Rayyan, Rana Mahmoud Mohammed, A. Abdelmonem et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

SAFETYEDIT: Sparse Internal Targets with Prompt-Wide Control for LLM Jailbreak Backdoors

This work proposes SAFETYEDIT, which optimizes a single refusal-related coordinate and uses KV-cache marking in early attention layers to propagate a prefix-trigger signal across subsequent instruction positions and achieves the highest triggered Guard ASR in 11 of 12 comparisons and the highest mean StrongREJECT score...

Yu-Tong Ke, Yan-Su Wang, Ze-Yu Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Inductive Learning of Concept Embeddings from Cross-Linguistic Colexification Patterns with Textual Attributes

The advent of distributional semantics as a framework for computational semantics marked a paradigm shift in the nature of representations, by which meanings are represented as dense vectors commonly known as word embeddings. Computational approaches to historical or typological language comparison, on the other hand,...

Arne Rubehn · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Measuring Mechanistic Uncertainty in Large Language Models via Causal Robustness

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in critical domains, where their susceptibility to hallucinations makes reliable and interpretable uncertainty quantification essential. We introduce the concept of mechanistic uncertainty, which characterizes uncertainty through the stability of the internal mechanism...

Aneesh Komanduri, Majid Afshar, Timothy A. Miller et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

ToMStories: Interpreting Theory-of-Mind in Synthetic Narratives

Understanding people often requires inferring what they feel or want from how they behave rather than from what they state outright. We ask whether language models can make these inferences, and how they do so. We introduce Theory-of-Mind Stories (ToMStories), an evaluation dataset of ~6,000 short synthetically generat...

Melanie Subbiah, Chia-En Jacklyn Tsai, Kathleen McKeown · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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