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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Monitoring latent reasoning in looped language models

Looped language models (LMs) reuse one block of layers several times per token generation, promising more latent computation at no additional storage cost. Despite their rising popularity, the analysis of looped LMs is still in its infancy: little is known about whether the iterative transformations actually improve th...

Pawel Olszowiec, Paulina Tomaszewska, Maciej \.Zelaszczyk et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Chain of Thought Monitoring Can Fail Even When CoT Is Necessary

Chain of Thought (CoT) monitoring is used by frontier labs to detect misbehaviour of AI systems. Yet, its reliability remains poorly understood. We attribute this to the lack of a successful organizing principle that leads to generalizable conclusions about monitoring reliability in different regimes. Recent work attri...

Lennart B\"urger, Piotr Komorowski, Moritz Weckbecker et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Training LLMs for Multi-Agent Collaboration with Verifiable Information Rewards

Effective collaboration among large language model (LLM) agents in multi-agent systems requires sharing relevant evidence, requesting missing information, and incorporating teammates'contributions into decisions. Training these behaviors is challenging because final task outcomes provide limited feedback on the value o...

Ke-Ru Chen, Sen-Fon Lin, Ying-Bin Liang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Executable Prefix Values for Locating Agent Failures

Work on debugging LLM agents treats the"first mistake"marked by a human or LLM judge as ground truth for where a trajectory failed. We ask whether such labels point at causes or symptoms, and make the distinction executable: we restart the agent from reconstructed intermediate states of a failed trajectory and estimate...

Bingyu Shen, Jia-Qi Tang, Lan Wei et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Reference Wording Shapes Retrieval of Robot Task Instructions

Identifying a robot task from a short instruction is sensitive to which descriptions are available for retrieval. We investigate this effect in the natural-language instructions included with the RLBench manipulation benchmark. We extract 296 fixed descriptions from 62 publicly available task files and compare five tra...

Jahnavi Yelamanchi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

EPOCH: Coverage-Aware Evolution with Experiential Preference Optimization for LLM-based Automated Heuristic Design

LLM-based automated heuristic design (AHD) discovers heuristics for combinatorial optimization problems (COPs), where an LLM generates candidates in an evolutionary search. Existing frameworks freeze the generator or fine-tune it on a scalar fitness signal hiding which instances each heuristic covers. Reflection-based...

Oguzhan Gungordu, Ayse Tursucular, Siheng Xiong et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Learning Perceptual Geometry of Natural Odor Mixtures from LLM-Derived Descriptors

The relationship between odor chemistry and perception remains incompletely understood. Many existing studies focus on the perception of single molecules, whereas natural odors contain tens to hundreds of components, adding extra layer of complexity to percept formation. Here, we explore the relationship between molecu...

Farhad Pashakhanloo, Venkatesh N. Murthy · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

The Format is the Filter: Scoring Format Fixes What an LLM Judge Can Express

When an LLM judge filters instruction-tuning data, its scoring format (binary verdict, 1--5 rating, 0--100 score, or comparison) is rarely justified or ablated. Holding the candidate pool, judge prompt, decoding and selection budget fixed, we score 15,406 UltraFeedback candidates under five formats with three judges, c...

Lovedeep Gondara, Jekaterina Novikova, S. Suresh et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

When LLM Agents See a Conflict but Still Proceed: Cross-Domain Dependencies in Network Slicing

Future AI-native networks are being designed to apply autonomous agents built on large language models (LLMs) in network management through intents. When intents from different domains meet on the same resource, an agent must recognize the cross-domain dependency before taking an irreversible action. We investigate thi...

Marcos Lima Romero, Ricardo Suyama · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Understanding Personalization Gains in Whisper

Whisper-style ASR models provide strong zero-shot transcription, but their residual errors are not evenly distributed across datasets, recording conditions, and metadata-based groups. We study when lightweight low-rank adaptation (LoRA) improves Whisper and whether observed gains require group-specific adapters. Across...

Sergei Katkov, Antonio Liotta · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Does a Hosted Decision Model Respect Irrelevant Alternatives? A Pre-Registered Test of Option-Set Dependence in Jev

Decision APIs that return a probability for each option are routinely used as if those probabilities were properties of the options themselves. That reading is valid only if the model satisfies independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA): adding an option that is neither the right answer nor its strongest rival shoul...

Dushyant Rajput (AltSlate Labs LLP), Nirdesh Chauhan (AltSlate Labs LLP), Siddharth Kosaraju (AltSlate Labs LLP) · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

EAU: Environment-Agent-User Co-evolution for Training User-Centric Agents

Training LLM agents to interact with users over multiple turns is challenging because the learning signal depends not only on the agent, but also on the user simulator and environment, which jointly shape the agent's experience. Simulated users can be stochastic or inconsistent, while environments may contain unreliabl...

Min Cai, Dan Zhang, Gao Xing et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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