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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Fewer Tokens, More Answers: Verifiable-Reward Tuning of an Ornith-Style VLM for Multi-View Driving QA

Reasoning-enabled model derivatives must turn intermediate deliberation into a usable answer within a deployment budget. We study that transition in an Ornith checkpoint adapted to multi-camera driving question answering with verifiable rewards. Paired archived outputs show that, on a selected 400-question development...

T N Rickesh, Pranav Vinodh, Sowmya Kamath S · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

When Do Repetition Loops Lock? Truncation Sampling, Bounded Penalties, and a Blind Spot in DRY

Language models sometimes repeat verbatim until the generation limit. We study the exit rather than the entrance: given that a span has already been repeated $n$ times, when is escape still possible? Along the loop the context is deterministic, so the probability that a loop survives $m$ more repetitions is, under any...

Yichuan Chen, Xin Wang · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Helpful to a Fault: Measuring Illicit Assistance in Multi-Turn, Multilingual LLM Agents

LLM-based agents execute real-world workflows via tools and memory. These affordances enable ill-intended adversaries to also use these agents to carry out complex misuse scenarios. Existing agent misuse benchmarks largely test single-prompt instructions, leaving a gap in measuring how agents end up helping with harmfu...

Nivya Talokar, Ayush K Tarun, Murari Mandal et al. · 0 citations

LLM Analysis of 150+ years of German Parliamentary Debates on Migration Reveals Shift from Post-War Solidarity to Anti-Solidarity in the Last Decade

Migration has been a core topic in German political debate, from postwar expellee displacement to labor migration and recent refugee movements. Large-scale analysis of such political discourse has traditionally required extensive manual annotation, limiting coverage. Large language models (LLMs) offer a scalable altern...

A. Kostikova, Ole Pütz, S. Eger et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Replay for LLM Continual Learning with Multi-Teacher On-Policy Distillation

Multi-teacher on-policy distillation (MOPD) distills several domain experts into one student and is used in the post-training of recent large language models. It trains on all domains at once, so every expert must be available at the same time. In practice, capabilities often arrive one after another, and the experts o...

Yiqiao Qiu · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

The Smallest Singular Directions of the Unembedding Matter Disproportionately for Next-Token Prediction

Interpreting, editing and compressing language models often involve assessing which parts of their internal representations matter for prediction. Many of these assessments rely on distance, such as reconstruction error or the length of an intervention. For next-token prediction, however, the logit differences that mat...

Weilun Xu · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

vLLM Hook v1: A Plug-in for Programming Model Internals on vLLM

Modern artificial intelligence models are deployed on inference engines to optimize runtime efficiency and resource allocation, particularly for transformer-based large language models. The vLLM project is a major open-source library to support model serving and inference. However, the current implementation of vLLM li...

Ching-Yun Ko, Yunhua Fang, Pin-Yu Chen · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Nov 2026

Reading Why: Born-Measured Attention with Exact Word Evidence on Light and Qubits

When a language model answers, we can usually only estimate why. We build a transformer in which every step is a Born measurement - attention $|\langle q|k\rangle|^4$ normalised over each row, a measured product in place of the feed-forward nonlinearity, and a Born readout. With its denominators held at their values fo...

Teerawat Tongloy, Jiraporn Pongsopa, R. Jomtarak · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

A Circuit for In-Context Learning

In-context learning (ICL) lets a pretrained language model perform a task specified by demonstrations in its prompt, with no parameter updates. With arbitrary labels the model must acquire a mapping it cannot have memorized, so the learning happens within a single forward pass. Prior work found candidate parts but not...

Andrew Gao, William Gao · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Sparse Internal Control of Language Models

Language models are increasingly used in text generation, decision support, and automated interaction, creating a need for localized, reversible, and selective control of their behavior. Activation steering demonstrates that internal interventions can alter the behavior of frozen models, but how to select and evaluate...

Xizhe Zhang · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Nov 2026

Tokenizer Myths and Where To Find Them

Tokenization is a fundamental component of modern language models: before a model sees data, its tokenizer has already determined how the data appears. We identify and challenge three myths in the tokenization research literature. Myth #1: Bits-Per-Byte (BPB) is agnostic to the tokenizer and/or the vocabulary size: BPB...

Rylan Schaeffer, Sanmi Koyejo · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Where Do Distilled Students Store Thinking?

Small students degrade on large reasoning models' (LRMs') long solutions, so recent work shortens them by interpolating an LRM with a short-answer model at ratio $\lambda$. We ask what student weights retain when this teacher stops thinking, comparing LoRA adapters of three students from three teacher pairs at each $\l...

Taeyeong Kim, Jaemin Jung, Ahhyun Kim et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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