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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

An Algorithmic Account of Few-Shot Concept Induction in Language Models

Both models and minds not only encode features that describe an entity, but can specifically represent which features of that entity are relevant for a given context. This core capability underlies in-context learning in language models and a variety of cognitive phenomena in minds, yet it is unclear how intelligent sy...

Michael A. Lepori, Laila Johnston, Aalok Sathe et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MATCHA: A Chinese Multi-Disorder Mental Health Dataset with Cross-Lingual Analyses on Social Media

Mental health research on social media has been dominated by English-language datasets and DSM-5-centered resources, limiting cross-lingual and cross-cultural understanding of online mental health expression. We introduce MATCHA, the first Chinese multi-disorder mental health dataset that links disorder-specific Weibo...

Bingrui Jin, Baihan Li, Zitong Li et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Beyond Words Alone: Disentangling Distributed Evidence for Visually Grounded Cultural Translation

Social media enables cross-lingual communication, yet the meaning of user-generated content (UGC) is often distributed across text, images, and cultural knowledge, making translation challenging. Existing evaluations typically treat images as optional and assume textual information is sufficient, obscuring whether erro...

Dingming Li, Yiwen Qiu, Linjuan Wu et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MANTIS: Multi-Axis News Transformations for Instance-Wise Stress Testing and Worst-Case Training in Fake News Detection

Automated fake news detection is vital on social media, where fake news is easily rewritten to fool detectors. However, existing approaches typically rely on superficial writing cues or single-style text rewrites, resulting in poor robustness under diverse cosmetic modifications. We construct MANTIS-Bench, a multi-axis...

Dexin Liu, Fan Yang, Zimu Wang et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A Contextual Measure of Ambiguity in Prescriptive Text

Ambiguity in prescriptive text such as laws, contracts, rules, policies, or recommendations can be both desirable (e.g., if it enables a law to adapt to changing context, such as new technologies) and undesirable (e.g., if it leads to arbitrary discretion or conflict over the law's interpretation). To help navigate the...

Sally Dong, Luke Thorburn, Andrew Konya et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Probing the phon* representations of the Mimi codebooks

Neural audio codecs are increasingly used to encode speech for integration with large language models. This paper investigates the phonetic representations in the first codebook (CB0) of the Mimi codec. ABX style evaluation is poorly suited to Mimi fixed 80 ms tokenization window, which often spans multiple phonemes; w...

Artem Saloev, Nicolas Ballier, Erin Pacquetet · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

INVAR-Agri: Detecting Discrepancies in Multilingual Operator Manuals of Agricultural Implements with a Fine-Tuned LLM

Operator manuals of agricultural implements are delivered in many languages, and the standards require that competent persons review every translation, which makes this review the bottleneck. This paper presents a proof of concept that compares two training workflows on the same LLM, EuroLLM-1.7B-Instruct, trained on o...

Timo Oksanen · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ImgMT: Wikipedia-based Dataset For Evaluating Text-in-Image Translation

Text-in-image translation aims to translate all textual content embedded in an image. In Text Image Translation (TIT), the output is translated text; In-Image Machine Translation (IIMT) additionally renders the translation back into the image. We introduce ImgMT, a massively multilingual dataset and benchmark mined fro...

\v{S}\'arka Uramov\'a, Petar Kirilov Petrov, Josef Jon et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Geometry of Emotion Representations Across Scale, Depth, and Instruction Tuning

We measure the emotion geometry of six LLMs spanning Google's Gemma 2 family. Using an extraction pipeline established by Sofroniew et al. (2026) on Claude Sonnet 4.5 and replicated by Hollowell (2026) on Gemma 2 27B base, we compare emotion geometry across base and instruction-tuned variants of Gemma 2 2B, 9B, and 27B...

Adam Hollowell · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Agreement Between Reconstructed and Native GDELT GKG Records: A Field-Level Baseline

The Global Knowledge Graph (GKG) of the Global Database of Events, Language, and Tone (GDELT) characterizes news articles using named entities, topics, quantitative and temporal features, quotations, tone, and dictionary-based content measures. Its codebook defines the record format, but the software that produces the...

Nikita A. Klimin (HSE University, Moscow, Russia) · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Constrained Decoding: Harmful or Beneficial? Revisiting Its Impact on LLM Performance

Constrained decoding guarantees that Large Language Models (LLMs) produce outputs conforming to predefined formats, but is often assumed to inherently degrade reasoning. We examine this assumption through a taxonomy of three constraint types: \emph{format constraints}, which enforce output structure; \emph{validity con...

Ngoc Trinh Hung Nguyen, Alonso Silva, Armen Aghasaryan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Did the Model Use That? Counterfactual Training Boosts Self-Attribution in Language Models

A fundamental challenge for explainable and accountable language models is revealing how external information influences their answers. This paper examines whether models are self-attributive: that is, whether they indicate when -- and only when -- their responses to questions are influenced by information provided alo...

Zikai Zhou, Jiacheng Sang, Yilin Xu et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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