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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MechAlign: Evaluating Semantic Alignment at the Project Level in Mathematical Formalization

Lean verifies that a formal proof establishes its stated proposition under declared assumptions, but does not check whether that proposition faithfully expresses the mathematical claim in a manuscript. Assessing this correspondence requires interpreting the main theorem through its project dependencies, which may be sc...

Hao Shen, Ruichen Qiu, Lihong Zhi et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

The Lay of the Land in Idiom-Translation Quality Estimation

Idioms have long been a challenge for machine translation, and while large language models (LLMs) have proven increasingly adept at handling them, whether quality estimation (QE) systems have kept pace and can reliably score idiomatic renderings of these expressions above faulty literal ones remains unclear. We introdu...

Malik Marmonier, Benoît Sagot, Rachel Bawden · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Style over Substance? Linguistic Bias in LLM-based Peer Review Copy title

The number of paper submissions to major AI conferences has increased dramatically in recent years, substantially increasing the peer-review workload of researchers. At the same time, large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to support peer review, both by individual reviewers and by conference organizations....

Sai Suresh Macharla Vasu, Sumedh Santosh Joshi, Philipp Christmann et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DTCA: Denoising Token Credit Assignment for Reinforcement Learning in Diffusion Language Models

Diffusion language models (DLMs) generate text through iterative denoising, enabling bidirectional context modeling and parallel token refinement. Recent studies have applied reinforcement learning (RL) to DLMs and improved their reasoning performance. However, the iterative denoising process makes credit assignment mo...

Hongze Chen, Miao Pan, Lizhou Liang et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Lost in Translation: Investigating Systematic Discrepancies between Parallel English and Chinese Names of American Chinese Restaurants

Given that the Chinese are one of the oldest ethnic groups to immigrate to the US, their cuisine have become central to the US dining scene and an interesting avenue to study how Chinese immigrants have culturally adapted into American life. In that regard, previous research has focused on analyzing the English names t...

Hang Jiang, Nanxi Liu, Tiantian Wang et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

High Scores, Hidden Failures: Evaluating Codebook-Based LLM Content Analysis

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for codebook-based content analysis in computational social science, where codebooks translate theoretical concepts into labeling schemes. While prior work reports strong predictive performance, it remains unclear whether these systems produce reliable and robust text...

Elena Senger, Yuri Campbell, Rob van der Goot et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

Do Language Models Understand Igbo Culture? Beyond Multiple Choice

The value of language models for any community depends on whether a model actually understands the culture of the people it intends to serve. We use the Igbo language as a case study. Existing benchmarks test translated Western ideas, lacking depth. To address this, we introduce CAB-Igbo, a benchmark developed from ind...

Blessing Ngozi Uzor, Valdini Douglace Lemofouet, P. Anyanwu et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

CalibraRL: Confidence-Calibrated Reinforcement Learning for Mitigating Hallucinations in RAG

Large language models (LLMs) often produce plausible but incorrect answers, motivating reinforcement learning methods that reward correct answers, penalize incorrect answers, and allow abstention. However, fixed outcome-based rewards do not distinguish incorrect responses with different confidence levels or account for...

Qianchi Zhang, Hainan Zhang, Liang Pang et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Quality over Quantity: Rethinking Data and Model Assumptions for Bengali Coreference Resolution

Multilingual transformer models are often assumed to generalise across languages, but their effectiveness for coreference resolution in low-resource settings remains unverified. We investigate this gap in Bengali, a language with over 250 million speakers but limited annotated coreference resources. We evaluate transfo...

Zenith Biswas, Andrew Thomas Dyer · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Rethinking Evaluation for Principled Generalization Using a Kripkean Challenge to Meaning as Use

Large language models operationalize an intuitive, view of meaning as use. We argue that it faces a rule-following challenge. Using Kripke's interpretation of Wittgenstein, we argue that finite histories of use do not determine a unique rule for future extension. This reframes the debate about OOD generalization but al...

Niyar R Barman, Omar Naim, Nicholas Asher · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Useful Diversity or Hallucinated Variety? Persona-Conditioned Synthetic Query Generation for E-Commerce Search

Synthetic supervision can bootstrap semantic parsers in new search domains, but prompt-induced diversity is useful only when generations are faithful to the structured intent. We explore this for cold-start e-commerce search: 118,098 synthetic pairs produced by 6 LLMs with 9 persona-conditioned prompt families on a 47-...

Filippos Ventirozos, Tom Armitage, Mahmoud Oshagh et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

RAGing Against Misogyny: Improving Implicit Misogyny Explanations

Implicit misogyny often requires background knowledge to be understood. To address this challenge, we propose a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework for detecting and explaining implicit misogyny in English and Italian, leveraging encyclopedic, slang and feminist knowledge sources. Using the ImplicIT-Mis and...

Ivana Crescenzi, Arianna Muti, Maarten Sap et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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