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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Interpretive Variation and Discourse Structure in Detecting Enthymemes in Controversial Political Discourse

Enthymemes are arguments that leave a premise or conclusion unstated, and they are a common persuasion device on social media. Because readers must fill in the missing part themselves, they often disagree on whether a text contains one. This paper asks how to detect and evaluate enthymemes when such disagreement is par...

Martial Pastor, Nelleke Oostdijk · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

A Reality Check of Inference-Time Context Augmentation Methods

Large language models (LLMs) often fail to utilise the context given in the input, resulting in hallucinations or a fallback to parametric knowledge. Context augmentation methods aim to improve model performance by modifying the input, from inserting filler tokens that add computational time to adding relevant content...

Haeun Yu, Geert Heyman, Pepa Atanasova et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

Once a Tree, Always a Tree? Cross-lingual Transfer of Hierarchical Generalization in Language Models

Language models (LMs) often exhibit successful cross-lingual transfer through continued (pre)training, still their underlying process remains unclear. One possibility is that LMs can leverage the evidence toward language-universal principles, namely, hierarchical structure, from a source language (L1) to a new language...

Shin Yamaguchi, Masaya Taniguchi, Tatsuki Kuribayashi et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

IQuest-Q1: Advancing Foundation Capabilities for Agentic CLI Systems

We present IQuest-Q1, a sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) agentic foundation model with 320B total parameters (15B activated). IQuest-Q1 is developed through a three-stage process: (1) stable and efficient pre-training, combining Stable SplitNorm, Muon, and muP with a two-stage curriculum whose second stage increases the...

A. Jian Yang, An Huang, Bo Dan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

RetiJev: Fast and Source-Grounded Ophthalmic Decision Models

Ophthalmic clinical decision support requires fast, accurate, and privacy-preserving inference, yet autoregressive large language models (LLMs) incur substantial latency and computational overhead for decisions among predefined actions. We therefore investigate a decision-oriented alternative to generative reasoning. S...

Bo Liu, Lianyu Wang, Meng Wang et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Verbalizing Activation Differences with Natural Language Autoencoders

Activation verbalizers translate the internal representations of large language models into human-readable text. The recently proposed natural language autoencoders (NLAs) learn this by reconstructing activations through a natural language bottleneck. However, it remains unclear how well these methods generalize beyond...

Andrea Blasi N\'u\~nez, Gianluca Barmina, Federico Torrielli et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

ReflectPO: Reflection-Guided Policy Optimization for Long-Horizon LLM Agents

With external tools, large language models (LLMs) can tackle complex tasks through sustained environmental interaction. LLM-based agents are therefore increasingly used to tackle complex long-horizon tasks in real-world environments. However, these tasks involve sequential, interdependent decisions and changes in envir...

Ru-Mei Li, Xun-Liang Cai · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Silicon Samples Match the Answers but Not the Respondents

Silicon sampling generates survey respondents by having a large language model (LLM) answer a survey as a person with given demographic attributes, and the resulting synthetic populations are increasingly used in place of human ones. Existing evaluations focus on individual-answer accuracy, per-question answer distribu...

Yusuke Kumagae, Masahiro Kaneko · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

From Perpetrators' Digital Footprints to Behavioral Communities: An Ontology-Driven Framework for Bengali Cyberbullying Analysis--- FULL VERSION

Cyberbullying involves behavioral and contextual patterns beyond isolated abusive messages. However, existing approaches remain fragmented across content detection, semantic representation, and network analysis, with limited interpretable perpetrator representations, multi-scale structural modeling, and explanations of...

Md. Nesarul Hoque, Md Hanif Seddiqui, Miskatul Anwara et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

Synthetic-to-Real Code-Switched ASR: A Spontaneous Nepali-English Podcast Benchmark

Nepali-English code-switched conversational speech presents severe challenges for automatic speech recognition (ASR), chiefly through script confusion (inappropriate mixing of Devanagari and Latin orthography) and elevated error rates at language switch points. Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) can adapt multilingual founda...

Firoj Paudel · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

TRIAD: Benchmarking Omni-Modal Ambiguity in Multimodal Large Language Models

Ambiguity is a central feature of natural communication: a sentence, image, or sound may remain underspecified until evidence from the other channels is considered. Yet current multimodal benchmarks mostly test perception, recognition, or reasoning over already determinate inputs, leaving unclear whether omni-modal lar...

Zhaolu Kang, Yi-Di Wang, Yi-Le Li et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

TutorCaseBench: A Case-Grounded Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Tutors in Supporting Students with Challenging Behaviors

TutorCaseBench is introduced, a benchmark that grounds AI-tutor evaluation in qualitative case studies from pedagogy, educational psychology, and special education, and reveals a gap between intervention recognition and context-specific adaptation, especially for open-weight models.

Y. Park, Chanyoung Park, Tae Soo Kim et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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