English to Arabic Translation of Medical Texts: A Review of Research (2015-2025)

Abstract

Translating medical texts from English to Arabic is challenged by terminological inconsistency, register variation, and uneven methodological practices, with direct implications for patient safety and medical education in Arabic-speaking countries. This study adopted a systematic literature review methodology guided by the PRISMA framework. Five major databases—Scopus, ERIC, SpringerLink Nature, Nature, and BMC—were searched to identify relevant studies published between 2015 and 2025. A total of 22 studies were included and analysed to map publication trends, translation procedures, the use of digital technologies, and implications for medical education. The findings show that most research has focused on instrument development, with particular attention to patient safety and the translation of clinical instruments and leaflets. The analysis further reveals that only a very limited number of studies have examined the use of technology and artificial intelligence in this field. The review suggests that AI-based tools, when used alongside human-led translation workflows, may help expand access to high-quality medical translations for Arabic-speaking populations.