Mar 2026· Nigerian Medical Journal· Vol 66, pp. 2116 - 2127· 0 citations· 21 references
Medicine
TL;DR
Undergraduate medical students show moderate awareness of AI in healthcare but lack formal training and in-depth understanding, highlighting the need for structured AI education within medical curricula and further research on its long-term impact.
Abstract
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into healthcare, creating a demand for AI technology literacy among healthcare professionals. This study aimed to investigate undergraduate medical students’ awareness, concerns, and perceptions of AI in healthcare. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 356 undergraduate medical students at a constituent medical college of a health university in India. Data were collected using various sections of a structured questionnaire (Google Forms). The questionnaire was validated to ensure its authenticity and alignment with the study's aim. To assess reliability and readability, a pilot study was conducted. Before the study, ethical approval was obtained, and each participant gave their informed consent. SPSS-26 was used to analyze the data. Results: There was a 41.88% valid response rate, but the overall response rate 45.05%, and a fairly balanced distribution of sexes. Across AI domains, combined awareness ranged from 48.6% to 58.1%, whereas combined disagreement ranged from 22.8% to 32.9%. Most students did not receive formal training in AI. The major concerns noted were job security (43.8%), patient data privacy (47.2%), and errors in medical diagnosis and treatment (44.1%). However, 53.8% of the students perceived AI as a valuable tool for improving healthcare delivery and patient outcomes. Conclusion: Undergraduate medical students show moderate awareness of AI in healthcare but lack formal training and in-depth understanding. Concerns persist regarding ethics, job displacement, loss of empathy, and clinical errors, despite recognition of AI’s potential to improve healthcare outcomes. These findings highlight the need for structured AI education within medical curricula and further research on its long-term impact.
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being applied in medicine for diagnosis, treatment, and decision-making. While enthusiasm for AI training among healthcare workers has been reported globally, little is known about awareness and attitudes in Afghanistan, where limited access to advanced diagnostic tools makes AI particularly valuable. Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of AI among healthcare workers in Kabul City. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to February 2025 among 256 healthcare staff, including physicians, nurses, technicians, and administrative personnel. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire distributed online and in paper format. Responses were recorded on a three-point Likert scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, employing descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, regression, and correlation analyses. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Results: Of the participants, 71.1% were male (28.9% were female), and 43.8% were aged 21–29 years. Knowledge of AI was limited: only 1.6% demonstrated good knowledge, 44.7% poor knowledge, and 53.9% had insufficient knowledge. Attitudes were more favorable, with 47.3% expressing positive views, 37.5% somewhat agreeing, and 15.2% expressing negative views. Regression analysis revealed that age was significantly associated with knowledge scores, and knowledge strongly predicted positive attitudes. Reliability analysis confirmed acceptable internal consistency across domains (α ≥ 0.72). Conclusion: Knowledge of AI among medical staff in Kabul is limited, but attitudes are generally favorable. Structured training programs, conferences, and AI-enabled systems are needed to strengthen Afghanistan’s healthcare sector.
Ahmad Mustafa Rahimi, Abdul Bashir Bashari, M. Mohammadi et al.· Annals of Medicine and Surge...· 0 citations
Healthcare students had unsatisfactory awareness of AI, and their overall attitude was negative, highlighting an urgent need for an integrated AI curriculum tailored to their actual needs.
Waghachavare Vivek B., Dhobale Randhir V., Gore Alka D. et al.· International journal of com...· 0 citations
AbstractObjective: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medical education is rapidly increasing; however, gaps remain in terms of learners’ knowledge and ethical awareness. This study aimed to evaluate baseline perceptions of AI among medical students and faculty members and to assess the impact of a structured educational intervention on students’ knowledge, attitudes, and ethical awareness.Method: This study employed a single-group pretest–posttest design. Initially, a 24-item questionnaire was developed on the basis of a comprehensive literature review and administered to medical students (n = 123) and faculty members (n = 17) to assess baseline perceptions. Following an expert review involving medical education specialists from three universities, the instrument was refined to a 12-item artificial intelligence awareness questionnaire. The finalized questionnaire was administered as both a pretest and posttest to 143 medical students. After the educational intervention, 123 students completed both assessments and were included in the paired analyses. Data were analyzed using paired samples t tests, and effect sizes were calculated using Cohen’s d.Results: At baseline, both students (mean = 3.55 ± 0.58) and faculty members (mean = 3.66 ± 0.53) demonstrated moderate levels of AI awareness. Knowledge of fundamental AI concepts was relatively limited, while attitudes toward the future importance and educational utility of AI were highly positive. Following the intervention, statistically significant improvements were observed across all knowledge and awareness domains (P < .001). The greatest gains were observed in understanding AI concepts, applications in medical education, and ethical considerations. The overall questionnaire score significantly increased (mean difference = -1.01, t(122) = -11.745, P < .001), indicating a strong positive effect of the intervention. However, the participants’ perceived need for further AI training remained high and did not significantly change (P = .060).Conclusion: Although baseline knowledge of AI among medical students and faculty members was limited, both groups demonstrated strong positive attitudes and a clear demand for further training. The educational intervention significantly improved AI-related knowledge and ethical awareness. These findings highlight the importance of integrating structured AI education into medical curricula to support the responsible and effective use of emerging technologies.
Ay Sıla Çaloğlu, Halid Durna, Zeynep Naz Ergen et al.· Journal of Medical Education...· 0 citations
Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming healthcare. However, its impact on the core of medical practice, the doctor-patient relationship, remains a subject of debate, particularly regarding patients' trust.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess patients’ perceptions of the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare and its impact on the doctor–patient relationship and participants’ trust, comfort, and concerns toward AI use. The study was carried out on 258 participants recruited from outpatient clinics at Mutah University Health Center and Al-Karak Hospital from December 2025 to March 2026. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 27 and relationships were analyzed using non-parametric tests including the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results: An overall of 258 participants were enrolled in the study, with the majority of them aged between 18 and 25 years, and a higher proportion of females (73.3%). 76.7% of the participants had university degrees. Students’ knowledge of AI varied significantly by age (p < 0.001) and occupation (p < 0.001) with younger students having higher proficiency. Education level was a significant predictor of attitudes toward the role of AI in enhancing the doctor-patient relationship (p = 0.038).
Conclusion: Participants generally express optimism about AI's efficiency in healthcare, especially regarding time savings. However, comfort and trust in AI are significantly affected by factors such as gender and digital literacy.
Faten M. Rabie, Youmna Mamdouh, Rama Ah. Alabadd et al.· PAIN, JOINTS, SPINE· 0 citations
BACKGROUND
This cross-sectional study investigates healthcare practitioners' perceptions of the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance patient safety culture in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, conducted from March to June 2025. The focus is on understanding how AI is perceived in the context of improving patient safety culture and aligning with Saudi Vision 2030 goals.
METHODS
The study employed a cross-sectional design and administered self-administered online surveys via convenience sampling among healthcare practitioners across multiple healthcare settings in Riyadh. The study targeted a population including doctors, nurses, and allied health professionals. A structured questionnaire was developed to assess perceptions of AI, including key variables such as perceived AI benefits, concerns about data privacy, and the necessity of training. Descriptive statistics were computed to characterize the sample, including age, gender, and profession.
RESULTS
Findings revealed that most participants perceived AI as supportive of patient safety through improved diagnostic accuracy, reduced medical errors, and streamlined workflows, which participants believed may contribute to a stronger patient safety culture. Descriptive analyses suggested variation in perceptions across professional groups.
DISCUSSION
The study found that healthcare practitioners in Riyadh generally perceived AI as a potentially valuable tool for supporting patient safety culture, particularly through improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing errors; however, concerns about data privacy and insufficient training remain significant barriers that must be addressed to ensure effective and safe AI integration.
CONCLUSIONS
This study highlighted healthcare practitioners' positive perception of AI's role in enhancing patient safety culture in Riyadh. While AI is seen as beneficial in improving accuracy and reducing errors, challenges such as data privacy concerns and a lack of training were identified as barriers to its implementation.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
Not applicable.
Amal Abuabat, A. Almutairi, Noura Gazali et al.· BMC Health Services Research· 0 citations
Introduction: Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have brought significant transformations to healthcare systems and medical education. Medical sciences students' awareness and attitudes toward AI play a crucial role in its acceptance and effective use. This study aimed to assess the level of AI awareness and attitudes among students at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, and examine related demographic factors.
Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 with 500 undergraduate and general medicine (MD) students from multiple faculties. Data were collected using a researcher-developed and standardized questionnaire covering demographics, AI-related awareness, attitudes, and concerns. Content validity was confirmed by 10 experts (CVI = 0.89), and reliability was verified (Cronbach's alpha = 0.83). Data analysis was performed with chi-square test, independent samples t-test, and ANOVA.
Results: Among participants, 62% were female and 90% were under 25 years old. The highest awareness and most positive attitudes were found among medical and midwifery students, while emergency medical services and operating room students showed the lowest levels (P < 0.05). Mean awareness and attitude scores were significantly higher in females than males (P < 0.05), with no significant differences across age groups. Concerns about job displacement due to AI were also prominent.
Conclusion: Although students showed positive attitudes toward AI, their conceptual and practical awareness was moderate. Integrating structured educational programs focusing on practical and ethical aspects of AI into the medical curriculum is essential.
Rastegar Ghavi Z, Najaryan N, Cheraghi Nik A et al.· Journal of Medical Education...· 0 citations